Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

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P a g e | 51 The pictures below are examples of Guanahatabey, Ciboney and Taino archeological objects from different excavations in the island of Cuba 84 . Pic. 10 Guanahatabey Pic. 11 Ciboney Pic. 12 Taino As observed in the pictures, there seem to be some shared artisanal elements between the Guanahatabey and the Ciboney specially when it comes to the implementation of shells as the main source for artifact construction. The Taino, on the other hand, show distinctive manufactured objects and have more elaborate pottery and figurines. The presence of elaborate elements is not too common among Guanahaní or Guanahatabe archeology. However, what is important for this study is that the word Guanahatabey was used by Bernal Diaz in his text prior to the continental exchange as a non-Mayan, non-Nahuatl group of conquered people among the Spanish. Number of Mentions of the word Guanahataveyes in The True History of the Conquest of New Spain including the cross reference of the three manuscripts: 1 Other Primary Sources Mentions of the possible origin of the word Guanahataveyes: 84 (ÁLVAREZ CONDE, 2010, p. 93)
P a g e | 52 a)—Mentions in a 1514 letter from the governor of Cuba Diego Velazquez de Cuellar to the Spanish monarch Ferdinand II: é la otra los Guanahatabibes, que son los postreros indios dellas; y que la vivienda destos guanatabibes es á ma nera de salvajes, porque no tienen casas, ni asientos, ni pueblos, ni labranzas, ni comen otra cosa sino las carnes que toman por les montes, y tortugas y pescado; y que así venidos, los tornó á enviar á la dicha provincia de la Habana. 85 The above quote from Velazquez de Cuellar seems to depict the Spanish bias towards these Indians labeling them as a wild and savage group predecessor of the Taino with no agriculture, houses or towns. This quote is important for two main reasons: first, because it agrees with Bernal Diaz’s portrayal of the same group in his text when he states that “these Indians were like savages 86 ” and second, because in his manuscript Velazquez de Cuellar uses the Taino plural formation bu, be, bí (although never losing the Spanish s at the end of the word) to name the group. Another important dialectic element to note about the quote is that, whether intentionally or by pure distraction, Velazquez mistakenly omits the term ha in the second sentence of the original text which could indicate either an elision in the voiceless glottal transition of the fricative sound h (common in many Indo-European languages speakers) or a possible dual source for the pronunciation of the word. This assertion could explain Bernal Diaz’s spelling of the word as Guanahataveyes employing the v and the ey as a phonetical plural or a possibly phonetic interpretation of an unknown language learned from sources with different linguistic backgrounds. 85 (Velázquez de Cuéllar, 1864-1884) 86 (Diaz del Castillo, Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la Nueva Espana| Aparato de Variantes, 1632)
Page 1 and 2: Language of the Voiceless: Traces o
Page 3 and 4: P a g e | 2 CHAPTER I | AN INTRODUC
Page 5 and 6: P a g e | 4 European languages such
Page 7 and 8: P a g e | 6 first time the language
Page 9 and 10: P a g e | 8 to describe constrictor
Page 11 and 12: P a g e | 10 Hammock: The Spanish c
Page 13 and 14: P a g e | 12 the world and later br
Page 15 and 16: P a g e | 14 Once again, these word
Page 17 and 18: P a g e | 16 V Research Limitations
Page 19 and 20: P a g e | 18 cigar made out of the
Page 21 and 22: P a g e | 20 in the surviving cousi
Page 23 and 24: P a g e | 22 Pic.4 Hoyo de Sanabe C
Page 25 and 26: P a g e | 24 Higüera es árbol gra
Page 27 and 28: P a g e | 26 y los otros de allá a
Page 29 and 30: P a g e | 28 porque nacan quiere de
Page 31 and 32: P a g e | 30 of the mainland such a
Page 33 and 34: P a g e | 32 describe the name of t
Page 35 and 36: P a g e | 34 […] el gobernador de
Page 37 and 38: P a g e | 36 […] nos habíamos de
Page 39 and 40: P a g e | 38 island of the guano of
Page 41 and 42: P a g e | 40 significance because i
Page 43 and 44: P a g e | 42 paragraph, de Las Casa
Page 45 and 46: P a g e | 44 23, 1533 were the enco
Page 47 and 48: P a g e | 46 certain familiarity an
Page 49 and 50: P a g e | 48 ‘hanging’ and atab
Page 51: P a g e | 50 the different Arawak l
Page 55 and 56: P a g e | 54 Diaz del Castillo in 1
Page 57 and 58: P a g e | 56 Y una mañana, que fue
Page 59 and 60: P a g e | 58 ‘not’ + guayacan >
Page 61 and 62: P a g e | 60 The above quote and il
Page 63 and 64: P a g e | 62 words did not make it
Page 65 and 66: P a g e | 64 other words meaning
Page 67 and 68: P a g e | 66 common item to give an
Page 69 and 70: P a g e | 68 assi, es entre las rel
Page 71 and 72: P a g e | 70 Con frutas de siguapas
Page 73 and 74: P a g e | 72 cacique, dijo por señ
Page 75 and 76: P a g e | 74 ‘uppermost’ + ya >
Page 77 and 78: P a g e | 76 differentiation of the
Page 79 and 80: P a g e | 78 chief of that place, w
Page 81 and 82: P a g e | 80 garden’. It is corre
Page 83 and 84: P a g e | 82 Pic.25 Pic.26 Pic.27 P
Page 85 and 86: P a g e | 84 y en esta Española, y
Page 87 and 88: P a g e | 86 into its etymology. Ho
Page 89 and 90: P a g e | 88 and a paragraph in Cha
Page 91 and 92: P a g e | 90 the place where this t
Page 93 and 94: P a g e | 92 Pic.33, 34 Taino trigo
Page 95 and 96: P a g e | 94 describing the term fr
Page 97 and 98: P a g e | 96 + sabra > Spanish corr
Page 99 and 100: P a g e | 98 the introduction of an
Page 101 and 102: P a g e | 100 Nonetheless, if we us
Page 103 and 104:
P a g e | 102 However, what is impo
Page 105 and 106:
P a g e | 104 hammock, sharing its
Page 107 and 108:
P a g e | 106 y con muchos indios d
Page 109 and 110:
P a g e | 108 The quote above is fr
Page 111 and 112:
P a g e | 110 trees, but of high, a
Page 113 and 114:
P a g e | 112 Éstas, por la lengua
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P a g e | 114 matase ni hiriese a n
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P a g e | 116 the epoch, but also f
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P a g e | 118 explain the prevalenc
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P a g e | 120 Pic.38 Duho distribut
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P a g e | 122 nytainos > ‘nobles
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P a g e | 124 am”, does not fit S
Page 127 and 128:
P a g e | 126 (Nahuatl), tunuum (Mi
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P a g e | 128 after a battle won by
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P a g e | 130 This is relevant beca
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P a g e | 132 Yanomami of Venezuela
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P a g e | 134 linguistic registry o
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P a g e | 136 Additionally, if whil
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P a g e | 138 b) Encomienda system
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P a g e | 140 the Spanish who carri
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P a g e | 142 Casas, d. L. (2015).
Page 145 and 146:
P a g e | 144 (2007). Caribbean Stu
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P a g e | 146 Robiou Lamarche, S. (
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Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

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