Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

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P a g e | 97 intellectual and governing class of Europe to whom most chronicles were oriented in order to obtain titles, recognition and favors 144 . Another important note about this word is that, although spelled with an S in the main text, in the Guatemalan manuscript by fray Alonzo Remón the term appears spelled with a C, closer to the Taino phonetics. It is important to also note that, with the exception of cebo, cebú and cebiche, the ceb root seldom appears in Spanish phonetic constructions, thus sustaining the foreign origin of the word into the vernacular Spanish. Moreover, in this Guatemalan version the writer adds a description omitted from the other two variants that gives a closer meaning to the Taino connotation of the term. In this version the text reads as follows: la sangre que nos salía de las plantas de los pies y aun de las otras partes, lo dejaré . Y quiso Dios que con mucho trabajo: Pues como las olas que reventaban de aquellos grandes ceborucos nos embestían. It is remarkable that in this note the writer first spells the word close to the Taino Cibahouruco, and second, describes rocks similar of emerging rocky-coast-cliff formations typical of the Greater Antilles, closer to the Taino symbolic meaning of the term. This variance on the description and spelling of the term by three different transcribers could also suggest some linguistic doubt about the meaning of it. This could also reflect the own linguistic registry of the writers. As illustrated in pages above, Spanish lexicalization of certain terms was related to the population, the title and level of education of the writer. In some cases, the chroniclers were illiterate and dictated their accounts to scribes, further altering the original connotation and phonetics with 144 (Restall, 2003)
P a g e | 98 the introduction of another linguistic agent into the equation. However, what is important is that Diaz del Castillo uses the term in a post-mainland context. Number of mentions of the word seboruco in The True History of the Conquest of New Spain including the cross reference of the three manuscripts: (Seboruco: 4 Ceboruco: 1) Other Primary Sources mentions of the possible origin of the word seboruco: a)—In Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas Apologética Historia Sumaria: Almirante, oyéndola nombrar, creyó ser la de Cibanco, donde estimaba que Salomón había para el templo el oro llevado, y con esta opinión creo que murió. Los indios, por su lenguaje, llamaban a esta provincia Cibao, por la multitud de las piedras, porque ciba quiere decir piedra 145 . It is in the above quote from de Las Casas, where we are presented with the prefix Ciba related to the word cibaoruco. In the text, de Las Casas states that “Columbus was wrong believing the Indians were calling the land Cipango, cibanco or Japan, but that they were referring to a very rocky region called Cibao, because in their language the word ciba meant rock”. Furthermore, as explained in pages 30 and 31 of this research, the suffixs r > ‘place’ or ‘area’ jointed with the suffix uco > ‘rough’, ‘harsh’, gave birth to ciba-o-ruco from which lexicalization and synthesis we get the term ceboruco or seboruco described by BDC in his chronicle. Chapter VIII, page 41 True History of the Conquest of New Spain 145 (De las Casas, 1566)
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Language of the Voiceless: Traces o
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P a g e | 4 European languages such
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P a g e | 8 to describe constrictor
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P a g e | 10 Hammock: The Spanish c
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P a g e | 12 the world and later br
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P a g e | 14 Once again, these word
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P a g e | 16 V Research Limitations
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P a g e | 18 cigar made out of the
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P a g e | 20 in the surviving cousi
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P a g e | 22 Pic.4 Hoyo de Sanabe C
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P a g e | 24 Higüera es árbol gra
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P a g e | 26 y los otros de allá a
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P a g e | 28 porque nacan quiere de
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P a g e | 30 of the mainland such a
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P a g e | 32 describe the name of t
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P a g e | 34 […] el gobernador de
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P a g e | 36 […] nos habíamos de
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P a g e | 38 island of the guano of
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P a g e | 40 significance because i
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P a g e | 42 paragraph, de Las Casa
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P a g e | 44 23, 1533 were the enco
Page 47 and 48: P a g e | 46 certain familiarity an
Page 49 and 50: P a g e | 48 ‘hanging’ and atab
Page 51 and 52: P a g e | 50 the different Arawak l
Page 53 and 54: P a g e | 52 a)—Mentions in a 151
Page 55 and 56: P a g e | 54 Diaz del Castillo in 1
Page 57 and 58: P a g e | 56 Y una mañana, que fue
Page 59 and 60: P a g e | 58 ‘not’ + guayacan >
Page 61 and 62: P a g e | 60 The above quote and il
Page 63 and 64: P a g e | 62 words did not make it
Page 65 and 66: P a g e | 64 other words meaning
Page 67 and 68: P a g e | 66 common item to give an
Page 69 and 70: P a g e | 68 assi, es entre las rel
Page 71 and 72: P a g e | 70 Con frutas de siguapas
Page 73 and 74: P a g e | 72 cacique, dijo por señ
Page 75 and 76: P a g e | 74 ‘uppermost’ + ya >
Page 77 and 78: P a g e | 76 differentiation of the
Page 79 and 80: P a g e | 78 chief of that place, w
Page 81 and 82: P a g e | 80 garden’. It is corre
Page 83 and 84: P a g e | 82 Pic.25 Pic.26 Pic.27 P
Page 85 and 86: P a g e | 84 y en esta Española, y
Page 87 and 88: P a g e | 86 into its etymology. Ho
Page 89 and 90: P a g e | 88 and a paragraph in Cha
Page 91 and 92: P a g e | 90 the place where this t
Page 93 and 94: P a g e | 92 Pic.33, 34 Taino trigo
Page 95 and 96: P a g e | 94 describing the term fr
Page 97: P a g e | 96 + sabra > Spanish corr
Page 101 and 102: P a g e | 100 Nonetheless, if we us
Page 103 and 104: P a g e | 102 However, what is impo
Page 105 and 106: P a g e | 104 hammock, sharing its
Page 107 and 108: P a g e | 106 y con muchos indios d
Page 109 and 110: P a g e | 108 The quote above is fr
Page 111 and 112: P a g e | 110 trees, but of high, a
Page 113 and 114: P a g e | 112 Éstas, por la lengua
Page 115 and 116: P a g e | 114 matase ni hiriese a n
Page 117 and 118: P a g e | 116 the epoch, but also f
Page 119 and 120: P a g e | 118 explain the prevalenc
Page 121 and 122: P a g e | 120 Pic.38 Duho distribut
Page 123 and 124: P a g e | 122 nytainos > ‘nobles
Page 125 and 126: P a g e | 124 am”, does not fit S
Page 127 and 128: P a g e | 126 (Nahuatl), tunuum (Mi
Page 129 and 130: P a g e | 128 after a battle won by
Page 131 and 132: P a g e | 130 This is relevant beca
Page 133 and 134: P a g e | 132 Yanomami of Venezuela
Page 135 and 136: P a g e | 134 linguistic registry o
Page 137 and 138: P a g e | 136 Additionally, if whil
Page 139 and 140: P a g e | 138 b) Encomienda system
Page 141 and 142: P a g e | 140 the Spanish who carri
Page 143 and 144: P a g e | 142 Casas, d. L. (2015).
Page 145 and 146: P a g e | 144 (2007). Caribbean Stu
Page 147: P a g e | 146 Robiou Lamarche, S. (
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Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

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