Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

More documents

Recommendations

Info

P a g e | 5 conquest and comparing it with the modern identifiable cultural and linguistic trends I seek to establish the level of Taino presence and influence during the transcontinental invasion of the continent from 1492 to today. It is important to mention that this text was chosen because, a great deal of ink has been spilled debating the veracity or even the existence of Bernal Diaz del Castillo. For some, a soldier of fortune and encomendero trying to tell his feats in Darien and Guatemala, seeking to be granted land by the King of Spain. For others, it shows that it was a figment of Cortes’ imagination to tell a version of history that places him as the rightful conqueror of New Spain. This sociolinguistics analysis doesn’t try to debate the identity of the writer or writers of the chronicle. Instead, it uses Linguistics’ Comparative Method to analyze words, customs, and general sociocultural patterns within the text that could be identified or argued to be Taino or of Taino origin. The text used for this research was the Spanish version of Real Academia Española Aparato de Variantes, edited and commented by Guillermo Serés in 1991 6 . This text compiles the three main variants of this primary source: The original work from 1552-1554 revised in 1563 and written in Guatemala as Memorial de Guerra; The prínceps edition of fray Alonso Remón published in Madrid in 1532 and the final version of the text called Manuscrito Alegria published in 1605 by Francisco Diaz del Castillo, son of Bernal Diaz del Castillo. This primary source was selected as the central document for this research because (chronologically speaking and unlike very few other primary or secondary source of the history of the Spanish conquest) it is a historical narrative where for the 6 (Diaz del Castillo, Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la Nueva España | Aparato de Variantes, 2011)
P a g e | 6 first time the language and culture of the Caribbean Taino and the language and culture of the natives of the continental lands interacted with one another as separate distinct tongues. Prior to it, the narratives of Columbus, Fray Bartolome de Las Casas, Peter Martyr, Fernandez de Oviedo and Fray Ramon Pané, among others, describe the Taino and the inhabitants of the Caribbean within that geographic, historical and sociolinguistic context. After it, writers such as Bernardino de Sahagun, Francisco López de Gómara, Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, Garcilaso de la Vega, Guamán Poma, etc., refer to an already mestizo culture carrying the cultural weight of the Maya, Inca, Aztecs and the other conquered groups of the transcontinental cultural exchange or American conquest. In this comparative analysis, the Díaz del Castillo text is going to be analyzed by pages and paragraphs that mention any element of language, culture or ethnography believed to be Taino or of Taino origin. Those elements are then going to be cross referenced against other primary or secondary source that could support or at least make the argument for the Taino connection or origin. Finally, they are going to be crossed reference against the Linguistics Database of the Real Academia Española or any other cultural or literary source for continuity or usage. Furthermore, the Taino elements are going to also be linked or associated with colloquial uses in the different countries where they could be identified in use today based on my own in-depth experience since childhood with the languages and its meanings and relevant linguistic studies.
Page 1 and 2: Language of the Voiceless: Traces o
Page 3 and 4: P a g e | 2 CHAPTER I | AN INTRODUC
Page 5: P a g e | 4 European languages such
Page 9 and 10: P a g e | 8 to describe constrictor
Page 11 and 12: P a g e | 10 Hammock: The Spanish c
Page 13 and 14: P a g e | 12 the world and later br
Page 15 and 16: P a g e | 14 Once again, these word
Page 17 and 18: P a g e | 16 V Research Limitations
Page 19 and 20: P a g e | 18 cigar made out of the
Page 21 and 22: P a g e | 20 in the surviving cousi
Page 23 and 24: P a g e | 22 Pic.4 Hoyo de Sanabe C
Page 25 and 26: P a g e | 24 Higüera es árbol gra
Page 27 and 28: P a g e | 26 y los otros de allá a
Page 29 and 30: P a g e | 28 porque nacan quiere de
Page 31 and 32: P a g e | 30 of the mainland such a
Page 33 and 34: P a g e | 32 describe the name of t
Page 35 and 36: P a g e | 34 […] el gobernador de
Page 37 and 38: P a g e | 36 […] nos habíamos de
Page 39 and 40: P a g e | 38 island of the guano of
Page 41 and 42: P a g e | 40 significance because i
Page 43 and 44: P a g e | 42 paragraph, de Las Casa
Page 45 and 46: P a g e | 44 23, 1533 were the enco
Page 47 and 48: P a g e | 46 certain familiarity an
Page 49 and 50: P a g e | 48 ‘hanging’ and atab
Page 51 and 52: P a g e | 50 the different Arawak l
Page 53 and 54: P a g e | 52 a)—Mentions in a 151
Page 55 and 56: P a g e | 54 Diaz del Castillo in 1
Page 57 and 58:
P a g e | 56 Y una mañana, que fue
Page 59 and 60:
P a g e | 58 ‘not’ + guayacan >
Page 61 and 62:
P a g e | 60 The above quote and il
Page 63 and 64:
P a g e | 62 words did not make it
Page 65 and 66:
P a g e | 64 other words meaning
Page 67 and 68:
P a g e | 66 common item to give an
Page 69 and 70:
P a g e | 68 assi, es entre las rel
Page 71 and 72:
P a g e | 70 Con frutas de siguapas
Page 73 and 74:
P a g e | 72 cacique, dijo por señ
Page 75 and 76:
P a g e | 74 ‘uppermost’ + ya >
Page 77 and 78:
P a g e | 76 differentiation of the
Page 79 and 80:
P a g e | 78 chief of that place, w
Page 81 and 82:
P a g e | 80 garden’. It is corre
Page 83 and 84:
P a g e | 82 Pic.25 Pic.26 Pic.27 P
Page 85 and 86:
P a g e | 84 y en esta Española, y
Page 87 and 88:
P a g e | 86 into its etymology. Ho
Page 89 and 90:
P a g e | 88 and a paragraph in Cha
Page 91 and 92:
P a g e | 90 the place where this t
Page 93 and 94:
P a g e | 92 Pic.33, 34 Taino trigo
Page 95 and 96:
P a g e | 94 describing the term fr
Page 97 and 98:
P a g e | 96 + sabra > Spanish corr
Page 99 and 100:
P a g e | 98 the introduction of an
Page 101 and 102:
P a g e | 100 Nonetheless, if we us
Page 103 and 104:
P a g e | 102 However, what is impo
Page 105 and 106:
P a g e | 104 hammock, sharing its
Page 107 and 108:
P a g e | 106 y con muchos indios d
Page 109 and 110:
P a g e | 108 The quote above is fr
Page 111 and 112:
P a g e | 110 trees, but of high, a
Page 113 and 114:
P a g e | 112 Éstas, por la lengua
Page 115 and 116:
P a g e | 114 matase ni hiriese a n
Page 117 and 118:
P a g e | 116 the epoch, but also f
Page 119 and 120:
P a g e | 118 explain the prevalenc
Page 121 and 122:
P a g e | 120 Pic.38 Duho distribut
Page 123 and 124:
P a g e | 122 nytainos > ‘nobles
Page 125 and 126:
P a g e | 124 am”, does not fit S
Page 127 and 128:
P a g e | 126 (Nahuatl), tunuum (Mi
Page 129 and 130:
P a g e | 128 after a battle won by
Page 131 and 132:
P a g e | 130 This is relevant beca
Page 133 and 134:
P a g e | 132 Yanomami of Venezuela
Page 135 and 136:
P a g e | 134 linguistic registry o
Page 137 and 138:
P a g e | 136 Additionally, if whil
Page 139 and 140:
P a g e | 138 b) Encomienda system
Page 141 and 142:
P a g e | 140 the Spanish who carri
Page 143 and 144:
P a g e | 142 Casas, d. L. (2015).
Page 145 and 146:
P a g e | 144 (2007). Caribbean Stu
Page 147:
P a g e | 146 Robiou Lamarche, S. (
show all

Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?