Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

More documents

Recommendations

Info

P a g e | 89 maritime or geographical connection between Cuba and Jamaica. Because for some reason, except for Columbus’ canoe trip from Jamaica to Hispaniola after his disastrous fourth trip, most accounts of exploration were usually done from Cuba. However, it is in the capture of Melchorejo and Julianillo at Cape Catoche, quoted at the introduction of this word on page 71 that we can observe that the islands of the Caribbean and many of the islands close to the continent such as Cozumel and Cape Catoche at least had some interaction with the Taino. Chapter VI, page 28 True History of the Conquest of New Spain […] ansimismo les mostraban los montones donde ponen las plantas de cuyas raíces se hace el pan cazabe. y llámase en la isla de Cuba "yuca"; y los indios decían que las había en su tierra, y decían "tlati" por la tierra en que las plantaban; por manera que yuca con tlati quiere decir Yucatán. Y para decir esto, decíanles los españoles que estaban con el Velázquez, hablando juntamente con los indios: "Señor, dicen estos indios que su tierra se dice Yucatlán." lengua no se dice ansí. Y ansí se quedó con este nombre, que en su lengua no se dice ansí. The next Taino word in the sequence of BDC’s text is yuca (Manihot esculenta). Although this word can be currently found in used in many of the Arawakan language family today meaning the same thing, this word seems to have experienced a great deal of variance when it comes to its phonology. Etymologically speaking, this term appears to have started a rapid evolutionary process as it arched its way from the Amazonian jungle through the islands of the Caribbean to the tip of Yucatan and northern Bahamas. Consequently, if we analyze the Tipi-Guaraní languages of the Amazon, spoken close to
P a g e | 90 the place where this tuber is believed to have originated 135 , we can find voicings like manioc, mandióg, and mandioc aipim > ‘yucca’. Although, possibly lexicalized by the Portuguese, in the word mainioc, we could find a possible link with the prefix mai previously identified as ‘garden’, ‘milpa’ or ‘maize field’, present in the word maihrici > ‘corn’. However, as the term traveled from South America to the Caribbean it seemed to have evolved into different terms. For example, the term lost its prefix main, in the phonology of the southern islands of the Caribbean possibly becoming ioc ai, which is the combination of ioc > ‘yucca’ + ai, aje, ahri or ahí > ‘root’, ‘teeth’, ‘wild’, ‘tuber’. Puzzlingly, the Wayuu people of the Guiajíra peninsula of Colombia and Venezuela use the same iucca and ai terms, but as two different words to refer to the yucca root and to the plant as different syntactical blocks. This differentiation of terms could explain its transformation in the Caribbean as different migratory groups made their way to the region during different times. It is important to note that the iók stem can be identify in use today in words such as tap-ioca > ‘yucca pudding’. Moreover, the phoneme k’ > ‘good’, ‘friendly’, ‘sacred’, hidden within the suffix oKa, due to its back—dorsal to ejective voiceless velar stop, produces an involuntary open vowel enunciation identified in the Carib word, khali > ‘cassava’. It is enthralling that this term is part of the name of two different Caribbean groups that identify themselves as cassava—manioc eaters: the Kalinago and the Arawak. As a matter of fact, if we use Cramberry & Vescelius analysis of the etymology of the first term, Kalinago, from which corruption we get the terms Carib, Garifuna and cannibal, we are presented with the following morphemic structure: ,khali > ‘cassava’ 135 (Beadle, 1980)
Page 1 and 2:
Language of the Voiceless: Traces o
Page 3 and 4:
P a g e | 2 CHAPTER I | AN INTRODUC
Page 5 and 6:
P a g e | 4 European languages such
Page 7 and 8:
P a g e | 6 first time the language
Page 9 and 10:
P a g e | 8 to describe constrictor
Page 11 and 12:
P a g e | 10 Hammock: The Spanish c
Page 13 and 14:
P a g e | 12 the world and later br
Page 15 and 16:
P a g e | 14 Once again, these word
Page 17 and 18:
P a g e | 16 V Research Limitations
Page 19 and 20:
P a g e | 18 cigar made out of the
Page 21 and 22:
P a g e | 20 in the surviving cousi
Page 23 and 24:
P a g e | 22 Pic.4 Hoyo de Sanabe C
Page 25 and 26:
P a g e | 24 Higüera es árbol gra
Page 27 and 28:
P a g e | 26 y los otros de allá a
Page 29 and 30:
P a g e | 28 porque nacan quiere de
Page 31 and 32:
P a g e | 30 of the mainland such a
Page 33 and 34:
P a g e | 32 describe the name of t
Page 35 and 36:
P a g e | 34 […] el gobernador de
Page 37 and 38:
P a g e | 36 […] nos habíamos de
Page 39 and 40: P a g e | 38 island of the guano of
Page 41 and 42: P a g e | 40 significance because i
Page 43 and 44: P a g e | 42 paragraph, de Las Casa
Page 45 and 46: P a g e | 44 23, 1533 were the enco
Page 47 and 48: P a g e | 46 certain familiarity an
Page 49 and 50: P a g e | 48 ‘hanging’ and atab
Page 51 and 52: P a g e | 50 the different Arawak l
Page 53 and 54: P a g e | 52 a)—Mentions in a 151
Page 55 and 56: P a g e | 54 Diaz del Castillo in 1
Page 57 and 58: P a g e | 56 Y una mañana, que fue
Page 59 and 60: P a g e | 58 ‘not’ + guayacan >
Page 61 and 62: P a g e | 60 The above quote and il
Page 63 and 64: P a g e | 62 words did not make it
Page 65 and 66: P a g e | 64 other words meaning
Page 67 and 68: P a g e | 66 common item to give an
Page 69 and 70: P a g e | 68 assi, es entre las rel
Page 71 and 72: P a g e | 70 Con frutas de siguapas
Page 73 and 74: P a g e | 72 cacique, dijo por señ
Page 75 and 76: P a g e | 74 ‘uppermost’ + ya >
Page 77 and 78: P a g e | 76 differentiation of the
Page 79 and 80: P a g e | 78 chief of that place, w
Page 81 and 82: P a g e | 80 garden’. It is corre
Page 83 and 84: P a g e | 82 Pic.25 Pic.26 Pic.27 P
Page 85 and 86: P a g e | 84 y en esta Española, y
Page 87 and 88: P a g e | 86 into its etymology. Ho
Page 89: P a g e | 88 and a paragraph in Cha
Page 93 and 94: P a g e | 92 Pic.33, 34 Taino trigo
Page 95 and 96: P a g e | 94 describing the term fr
Page 97 and 98: P a g e | 96 + sabra > Spanish corr
Page 99 and 100: P a g e | 98 the introduction of an
Page 101 and 102: P a g e | 100 Nonetheless, if we us
Page 103 and 104: P a g e | 102 However, what is impo
Page 105 and 106: P a g e | 104 hammock, sharing its
Page 107 and 108: P a g e | 106 y con muchos indios d
Page 109 and 110: P a g e | 108 The quote above is fr
Page 111 and 112: P a g e | 110 trees, but of high, a
Page 113 and 114: P a g e | 112 Éstas, por la lengua
Page 115 and 116: P a g e | 114 matase ni hiriese a n
Page 117 and 118: P a g e | 116 the epoch, but also f
Page 119 and 120: P a g e | 118 explain the prevalenc
Page 121 and 122: P a g e | 120 Pic.38 Duho distribut
Page 123 and 124: P a g e | 122 nytainos > ‘nobles
Page 125 and 126: P a g e | 124 am”, does not fit S
Page 127 and 128: P a g e | 126 (Nahuatl), tunuum (Mi
Page 129 and 130: P a g e | 128 after a battle won by
Page 131 and 132: P a g e | 130 This is relevant beca
Page 133 and 134: P a g e | 132 Yanomami of Venezuela
Page 135 and 136: P a g e | 134 linguistic registry o
Page 137 and 138: P a g e | 136 Additionally, if whil
Page 139 and 140: P a g e | 138 b) Encomienda system
Page 141 and 142:
P a g e | 140 the Spanish who carri
Page 143 and 144:
P a g e | 142 Casas, d. L. (2015).
Page 145 and 146:
P a g e | 144 (2007). Caribbean Stu
Page 147:
P a g e | 146 Robiou Lamarche, S. (
show all

Language of the Voiceless: Traces of Taino Language, Food, and Culture in the Americas From 1492 to the Present

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?