2

and colleges, not only in the field of Mongolistics but in major branches of the
natural and technical sciences.
The welfare of workers, ACA members and intellectuals is constantly
improving. The real wages of workers and employees have grown 1,6 times in
1969, as compared with 1966; the incomes of ACA members have nearly doubled
and pensions have quadrupled 6 .
The new five year Plan envisages a significant increase in the material wellbeing
of the population. The revolution caused great changes in the political
structure of the state, in the economic and spiritual life of the people, in their wellbeing,
in their general outlook and ideology, in the social system of society. The
former social structure, prior to the revolution, which consisted or arats (albata,
Khamzilga and shabi) the ecclesiastical and secular feudal class, and a small
percentage of intellectuals was replaced by the arats, emancipated from selfdom.
Some of these arats had been petty tradesmen who later became full-fledged
members of ACA’s workers, or intellectuals who had never known the meaning
of explotation.
Members of ACA’s are toilers who can read and write their native language
and who have received either an elementary or secondary and vocational
education.
The workers are new members of society, literate and having technical
qualifications their field of labour. The modern intellectuals are teachers
in all types of schools agricultural specialists livestock experts veterinaries
agronomists and mechanics medical workers, engineering workers researchers
in the field of sciences, art and literature and employees. Everybody is perfecting
his knowledge skill and social-mindedness. The changes that have taken place in
the life of the Mongolian People during the past half century, since the victory of
the People’s Revolution are first of all the fruits of the labour of the working class
cooperative arats, toiling intellectuals; of the great organizational work carried out
by the MPRP and the People’s Government.
Modern Mongolian history beginning with the People’s Revolution occupies
a prominent place in the studies of our scholars Soviet Mongolists and those of
other countries. A great deal has been done deserving merit but there is much
more to be done in this field to analyze its many problems and to give a broader,
deeper, comprehensive interpretation of the problems from the scientific point of
view.
Thank you for listening!
ÎÓÌÝ-èéí II èõ õóðàë. I áîòü. ÓÁ.,
1973. ò 24-33. (ìºí ìîíãîë, îðîñ)
395