Security Issues - IDM Albania

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148 INSTITUTI PËR DEMOKRACI DHE NDËRMJETËSIM education opportunities, lack of population registration, difficulties in preserving their own culture and national identity, lack of political representation and furthermore lack of investments and developing policies in this region. Roma community is defined as a vulnerable group with very low education and economic conditions. Roma community is faced with numerous difficulties, that constitute the exclusion and social self exclusion from the rest of the society. - Political security The concept of political security is based in the democratic governance and protection and respect of human rights in Albania. The analysis of political security in Albania comprises 5 basic elements which are analyzed as follows. - Level of democratization The Albanian Parliament has further consolidated its role as a focus for the political debate while the main political forces have started to cooperate in major issues. This consensus between the ruling party and the opposition party have resulted in a progress achieved in regards to court’s and elections reforms. Nevertheless few weeks before June 28th which coincides with the start of parliamentary elections, the process of delivering identity documents has not yet been finished jeopardizing the whole election process and the right to vote for each citizen. - Protection against state repression (freedom of speech/press) The Constitution of the Republic of Albania, literally guarantees the freedom of speech and freedom of press (media). What is needed is the adequate implementation of the legislation and resolving sensitive issues such as decriminalization of defamation in the penal code and the adoption of a new legislation regarding the transparency of media ownership. - Respect for human rights Regardless the fact that the legislative framework seems complete enriched with additional national strategies, the biggest challenge is the efficient implementation of the existing legislation. - Democratic Expectations.
ÇËSHTJE TË SIGURISË - 12 149 Referring to the prestigious newspaper “The Economist”, Albania is ranked 81-st out of 167 countries, regarding the level of democracy development, leading the list of “hybrid democracy” countries. In this context various reforms and changes in Electoral Code and justice have taken place. Nevertheless the legal procedures have remained slow and substantially lack transparency. - Prevention of torture, abolishment of political sentences The Republic of Albania has signed the conventions that prevent the imprisonment for political motives, torture, or people extinction. In the past there has been cases related to maltreatment of inductees during the arrest and interrogation process. Community policing: Philosophy and the challenge of implementation Besnik Baka The community policing philosophy in the last few years has attracted institutions’ central attention, as a model that can eradicate the traditional gap that has existed between the police and the community, but also as an instrument that will improve the police performance in crime prevention and law enforcement in general. If based on the assumption that “crime is a product of social conditions” then it becomes clear that crime prevention may follow only through control and manipulation of social conditions, 2 thus making community policing a major priority that needs to be addressed. Community policing is about a philosophy and an ideology which aims to put police under the citizens’ service and in defence of community interests, different from the past legacy when police was serving to and defending state interests. Its major intention is therefore to transform the “policing of the community” into a “policing for the community”. 3 This policy brief focuses on the main issues arising precisely from the transformation of the policing model – from the traditional conservator one towards the community policing
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Security Issues - IDM Albania

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