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45 JW: =1 know-- 46 EP: =Hm ((clear throat)) 47 (1) 48 JW: That's right 49 (0.5) 50 RP: Yeah definitely (0.5) we=we'll do that in the next few weeks 51 (1) 52 RP: you know= 53 ZW: =yeah 54 0 55 RP: We'll do that In'More Often', ZW&JW, and RP&EP - married couples respectively - invoke a past sociable gathering, specifically, what is recalled is a 'Raclette' evening held at the home of RP&EP some weeks earlier (the current hosts being JW&ZW). Once invoked, this common past event is accorded strong evaluative treatment. Both couples speak warmly about the occasion attest to and the enjoyment they had. In addition to and apparently predicated on this past shared experience, suggestions for a similar future gathering are made, again treated with similar positive attestations. This positive alignment achieves a level of unmitigated solidarity between the two couples, to the point where JL intervenes for a necessary clarification as to what exactly a Raclette evening is (which she incidentally also attests to the potential sociability of after RP's brief explanation). One might speculate that the solidarity being developed between these two couples is so intense that it in effectfreezes out' JL and her partner AL (i. e. in achieving solidarity between ZW&JW, and RP&EP, this alignment threatens solidarity with others co-present). Neither disagreement, differing opinions, nor individual nuances of experience (e. g. "well the thing I liked about it was )e', "Oh well I enjoyed the y more actually") are expressed during this phase of alignment. This is of course not to say that negative alignment is precluded. In fact, as I have intimated to already and shall illustrate below, more individuated nuances may well become necessary if the unmitigated agreement were to go on for too long. In effect though, what this data illustrates is a moment within an English sociable episode marked by heightened ethos of consensual solidarity. 1 r.; n
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 In the following German excerpt, similar levels of solidaric alignment are apparent albeit again, not within a retrospective framework, but a more objective and discursive one. Excerpt 6.4'Russies und Polskies' All particpant have poriented themselves to the common threat that foreign workers pose to the fabric of German society. The theme of the conversational has now turned to Russian and polish workers in particular. SH: Ja bei uns ist das doch auch=wenn du da in den Wald kommst (0.5) HB: Kurt SH: Und nachmittags PB: SH: =Ob das nun Polnisch ist oder Russisch das weiss (ich [nicht GB: [Hm::: =hm:::: (0.5) SH: Unde e:: r (1) >Das sind alles so welche in unserem< Alter-- GB: =Ja [ Ga) SH: [Die zu Rentenzeiten rübergekommen sind KH: Auch ältere [noch GB: [Weißt du wir hatten da so ein [hübsches Blumenstübchen ne HB: [Auch wenn die älteren nie eine Mark eingezahlt haben in die Rentenversicherung ne ([ SH: [Die früher mal 'nen deutschen Schäferhund hatten= GB: =Ja genau so= HB: =HAhaha[hahaha GB: [Genau so «10 seconds talk on food» KH: Was haben sie gestern im Füllhorst? (. ) einen geschnappt (1) e:: r-einen Kurden (. ) mit [zwei Kilo (1) Heroin >hast du das gelesen< GB: [HM GB: Richtig (1 SH: [Ich hab's gelesen=ja:: (0.5) KH: Zwei Kilo Heroin= GB: =Hm[::: KH: [>Haben sie gestern erwischt
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FACEWORK IN ENGLISH AND GERMAN SOCI
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CHAPTER 4: DOING SOCIA(B)L(E) SCIEN
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Table List of Tables 1.1 Archetypal
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Conversational Excerpts Excerpt Pag
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Acknowledgments Acknowledgements se
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The 'Research Problem' Introduction
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Taking these problematics as a star
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At the time, this proposal seemed e
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the self and its relationship to on
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activity of sociable conversation,
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including the application of the fa
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CHAPTER I FACE AND FACEWORK: CONCEP
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1.1 Foundational Texts In order to
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communicative action could be seen
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Fig. 1.1 Goffman's Model of Ritual
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distribution of his feelings, and t
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empirically difficult' phenomenon (
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etween self and other). Conversatio
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allowing in effect a speaker to cri
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as an equilibric practice, allowing
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universality, particularly in studi
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Table 1.3 Individualist (LCC) and C
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Morisaki and Gudykunst (1994) emplo
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Mao (1994) addresses this tension b
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Tannen's work (1981 a; 1981 b) perh
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1.3 Culture, Facework, Equilibrium
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facework operates on an underlying
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CHAPTER 2 ANGLO-SAXON CHALK AND TEU
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impolite. However, I soon came to r
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in potential or actual conflict sit
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salient differences. For example, G
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Watts observed that German conversa
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Finally, although Watts argued that
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elatively little overlap, and a gen
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contributions, with the former set
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fully and substantively, what was r
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oriented to unmitigated disagreemen
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2.3 Communicative Underpinnings The
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service but by more confrontational
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Finally, additional explanatory dim
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specific communicative practices, a
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Brown and Levinson (1987). Indeed,
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Notes to Chapter 2 11 use the term
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This chapter then can be regarded a
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asic irreducible sociological varia
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Fraser (1990) who, in also attempti
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particularly amenable to such a heu
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identify certain underlying dynamic
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In fact, these two opposing orienta
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at any given point in the flow of c
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orderly and meaningful conversation
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locally managed and constantly in d
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Poles of Alignment Fig. 3.6 Sociabl
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toward a clearer understanding of w
Page 109 and 110: Notes to Chapter 3 1 See also Brown
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Page 119 and 120: such as laughter sequences. I also
Page 121 and 122: Table 4.3 Data: Omissions from Anal
Page 123 and 124: The obtrusiveness of my recording w
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Page 127 and 128: German. However, these episodes asi
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Page 131 and 132: two chapters (Chapters 6 and 7). He
Page 133 and 134: Hand shakes for example were infreq
Page 135 and 136: eing invariably solidaric in nature
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Page 139 and 140: Table 5.1 Sociable Topics Topic Cat
Page 141 and 142: in my observations of German sociab
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Page 149 and 150: shall not be carried forward into t
Page 151 and 152: These various symbols are intended
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Page 155 and 156: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rather than
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Page 163 and 164: detrimental effects foreigners are
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Page 169 and 170: 28 HB: but at the end of the day >1
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Page 175 and 176: 2 bevor (. ) die Schlange nicht zeh
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Page 183 and 184: What happens in this particular exc
Page 185 and 186: To reiterate, positive threshold br
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Page 189 and 190: What happens here is that KIP proff
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Page 197 and 198: and English differences in conversa
Page 199 and 200: Notes to Chapter 6 1 The only insta
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Page 205 and 206: English cultures respectively. In a
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The in-the-know self is a second sy
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documentaries to having witnessed r
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 is
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Excerpt 7.6'Up a Hill' The sociable
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RP&EP's mobilisation of an in-the-k
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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Excerpt 7.10 Was muss Mann machen?
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Often, knowledgeable selves are ali
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7.4 Positive Selves I suggested ear
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27 RP: =get out of it= 28 LM: =. HH
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 is
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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of these selves at conversational w
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develop the comparative focus, one
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CHAPTER 8 ALIGNING SELVES IN THE AC
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atification and support of unique,
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Fig 8.2b The Individuated Selves (a
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Excerpt 8.1 'Cookie's Party' I LM:
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Beginning with the topic of convers
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as re-invoking selves. The category
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An interesting phenomenon which is
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An additional consequence of alignm
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Conversely, in considering the next
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100 KP: I mean you see two or three
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however, such narrating selves are
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Running alongside these narrative s
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capabilities of KP&EP and in this w
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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6 (0.5) 7 EP: America is booming at
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own unemployment levels -a concern
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In terms of the selves mobilised, t
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in 'Cookie's Party'- again, a secon
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35 GB: kann man nie als [endgültig
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is HB: =Yeah not at all but e:: rm=
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episode takes place. Rather, the ta
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The excerpt begins as HB is proffer
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What this talk demonstrates is that
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N work or'Arbeit' being an extremel
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demeaned and knowledgeable selves (
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preceding comments regarding sociab
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CHAPTER 9 CONCLUSION: THE TO AND FR
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identified in conversational behavi
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handled sociable topics, in terms o
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to bring themselves and their inter
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sociable conversation. This sociabl
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maintain the underlying equilibrium
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allowed for by the facework as alig
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somebody who is overly-friendly, ge
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Fig 9.2 A Maxim of Conversational P
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Notes to Chapter 9 1 When we are ta
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German Participants Name Age Occupa
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German Gatherings Gathering Date Se
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Brown, G., and Yule, G. (1983) Disc
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Ervin-Tripp, S., Nakamura, K, and G
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Hellweg, S A., Samovar, L A., and S
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Hu, H C. (1944) The Chinese concept
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- (1979) 'Stylistic Strategies with
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- (1994) 'Facework in Communication
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Snell-Hornby, M.. (1984) 'The Lingu
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Trubisky, P., Ting-Toomey, S., and
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