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95 HB: Paja 96 SH: =Hm[::: 97 GB: [Und in England unterrichtet sie Deutsch als Fremdsprache (0.5) 98 Nicht= 99 HB: =HMI:: 100 GB: [Die lernen dann [Deutsch und [das 101 HB: [Damit [damit verdient sie [praktisch ihr Geld 102 GB: [Und das sind die 103 HB: ne 104 GB: Studenten die sie dannu[nterTichtet 105 HB l( 1 106 107 GB: [Dann war sie auch in in 108 e:: r (0.5) ja alles [was... 109 SH: [>Also ist das'n Hobby, was sie so jetzt< (0.5) in in in 110 dieser Sprachforschung [macht 111 HB: [Ja::: 112 113 GB: Nee, Hobby eigentlich ni[cht 114 HB: [Nee= 115 116 GB: =Das ist schon [ganz schön ( 117 KH: [Ja darum wollt ich ja wissen wer besteht Detzt darauf 118 SH: [NEIN ist ein 119 Hobby, sie kriegt's ja nicht bezahlt 120 121 GB: Nee sie kriegt's [nicht bezahlt ab[er sie braucht es also Hobby ist das 122 HB: [Nein [was=was 123 wirklich nicht= 124 HB =Nein= 125 GB: =denn sie wird ja später mal in diesem arbeiten, als als eh= 126 HB: =hm= 127 GB: =eh (0.5) also sie hat später ihren Doktortitel und wird dann auf [diesem 128 HB: [Ja 129 GB: Geb[iet auch nur was sie [dann macht [weiß ich nicht 130 HB: [Ja:: [das [das wollte ich noch sagen auch Excerpt 8.4 Translation 'Studying as a Hobby' SH: The people in Braunschweig [have a [funny dialect 2 HB: [Erm 3 GB: [No Robert 4 5 GB: Robert is [doing something of his own= 6 SH: [funny dialect 7 HB: =Okay, Robert might also [be able to 8 GB: [Elke is doing language research 9 HB: Perhaps he's dealing [with something different, er it's e[:: r 10 GB: [and [Robert is doing II Sociology= 12 HB: =Yeah er that's [correct 13 GB: [so that's two different things 14 15 HB: Yeah, that's [correct 16 GB: [One's got nothing to do with the [other-- 17 HB: [That's right 272
is HB: =Yeah not at all but e:: rm= 19 GB: =No no it's got nothing to [do with it 20 HB: [He might be dealing [with something else 21 KB: [It's about languages 22 HB: although 23 KB: who wants to know this now, if she is she being [paid by the state 24 GB: [oh 25 KB: or by the council o[:: r 26 GB: [One sets up this thesis, the other one [sets up that 27 KH: [Because this is 28 GB: thesis you know, and then it's disproved and then and then there 29 KH: you can't sell it, such a thing 30 31 GB: are new [findings and that is 32 KH: R 33 HB: Hm:: 34 GB: you can never take it [as a final result 35 KH: [How is she being paid then, by the state 36 or how is she paid 37 (0.5) 38 HB: hhhh=she o:: nly >received a grant< yeah (1) as a supplement (1.5) we 39 also had to pay so that she [could study 40 KH: [>Fair enough, but something is also in it< 41 something= 42 HB: YEAH, eh, that's a large area and among others she had a schol- a 43 (1.5) 44 GB: A scholarship 45 HB: a yeah no=a scholarship she also had in English, England, 46 yeah but she also did classical Greek also a e[:: r 47 KH: [>You haven't you haven't 48 understood Heinz< (. ) if she's now ready with it you know (0.5) by whom 49 HB: one semester 50 is she going to be paid She must be earning money now-- 51 HB: E:: rm 52 GB: =Well, what do you mean by whom is she being paid=She'll have to look 53 HB: At the end of the day at the end of the day 54 GB: for a job 55 HB: she's, well, yeah, well only 56 GB: She'll have to look for something, she's doing this= 57 KH: 58 HB: =becorne a Reacher 59 GB: [She's doing this on a [private basis=so she's [paying it all for 60 HB: [You know [and now 61 GB: herself now 62 63 KH: Yeah [no I mean at [some stage she'll also have 64 GB: [Youknow [and when she's finished she'll have to lookout for a 65 job 'where do I get a job as a lecturer of whatever-- 66 KH: =Yeah= 67 GB: =she wants to do= 68 HB: =Hmmm= 69 GB: =So there's nobody there and there's also nothing waiting for her, but 70 she'll have to sort that out for herself 71 (0.5) 72 KH: Yeah 73 74 GB: You know (2) so e:: r 75 (2) 76 HB: He she [will 77 GB: [She's not [being paid by anyone she's doing this now 273
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FACEWORK IN ENGLISH AND GERMAN SOCI
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CHAPTER 4: DOING SOCIA(B)L(E) SCIEN
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Table List of Tables 1.1 Archetypal
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Conversational Excerpts Excerpt Pag
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Acknowledgments Acknowledgements se
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The 'Research Problem' Introduction
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Taking these problematics as a star
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At the time, this proposal seemed e
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the self and its relationship to on
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activity of sociable conversation,
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including the application of the fa
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CHAPTER I FACE AND FACEWORK: CONCEP
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1.1 Foundational Texts In order to
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communicative action could be seen
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Fig. 1.1 Goffman's Model of Ritual
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distribution of his feelings, and t
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empirically difficult' phenomenon (
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etween self and other). Conversatio
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allowing in effect a speaker to cri
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as an equilibric practice, allowing
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universality, particularly in studi
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Table 1.3 Individualist (LCC) and C
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Morisaki and Gudykunst (1994) emplo
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Mao (1994) addresses this tension b
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Tannen's work (1981 a; 1981 b) perh
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1.3 Culture, Facework, Equilibrium
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facework operates on an underlying
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CHAPTER 2 ANGLO-SAXON CHALK AND TEU
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impolite. However, I soon came to r
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in potential or actual conflict sit
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salient differences. For example, G
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Watts observed that German conversa
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Finally, although Watts argued that
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elatively little overlap, and a gen
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contributions, with the former set
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fully and substantively, what was r
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oriented to unmitigated disagreemen
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2.3 Communicative Underpinnings The
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service but by more confrontational
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Finally, additional explanatory dim
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specific communicative practices, a
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Brown and Levinson (1987). Indeed,
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Notes to Chapter 2 11 use the term
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This chapter then can be regarded a
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asic irreducible sociological varia
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Fraser (1990) who, in also attempti
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particularly amenable to such a heu
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identify certain underlying dynamic
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In fact, these two opposing orienta
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at any given point in the flow of c
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orderly and meaningful conversation
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locally managed and constantly in d
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Poles of Alignment Fig. 3.6 Sociabl
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toward a clearer understanding of w
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Notes to Chapter 3 1 See also Brown
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4.1 Research Questions In the previ
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eferring to as sociable includes in
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The decision on quantity of data wa
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largely anecdotal evidence from whi
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such as laughter sequences. I also
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Table 4.3 Data: Omissions from Anal
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The obtrusiveness of my recording w
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hand, I did not want to engage in t
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German. However, these episodes asi
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presented here provides a necessary
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two chapters (Chapters 6 and 7). He
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Hand shakes for example were infreq
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eing invariably solidaric in nature
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claimed on the part of the particip
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Table 5.1 Sociable Topics Topic Cat
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in my observations of German sociab
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collective past peppered with indiv
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In the next chapter I want to explo
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CHAPTER 6 ALIGNMENT IN ACTION: NEGA
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shall not be carried forward into t
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These various symbols are intended
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rather than
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19 EP: ' [Although I mean that [now
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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detrimental effects foreigners are
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41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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28 HB: but at the end of the day >1
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approach, I hope to further illumin
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37 KJ: I never had any day to day (
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2 bevor (. ) die Schlange nicht zeh
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ot non-ratifi cation and non-suppor
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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What happens in this particular exc
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To reiterate, positive threshold br
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41 LIP: [IN FACT THERE WAs quite a
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What happens here is that KIP proff
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17 KH: the road (1) >and if he want
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1 2 3 4 5 6 which a new set of indi
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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and English differences in conversa
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Notes to Chapter 6 1 The only insta
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study is a sociological one, and it
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performer, a player, an image, a fi
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English cultures respectively. In a
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I will shortly illustrate how each
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18 KJ: [(Graphic drawin)= 19 LM: =O
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The in-the-know self is a second sy
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documentaries to having witnessed r
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 is
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Excerpt 7.6'Up a Hill' The sociable
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RP&EP's mobilisation of an in-the-k
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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Excerpt 7.10 Was muss Mann machen?
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Often, knowledgeable selves are ali
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7.4 Positive Selves I suggested ear
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Page 241 and 242: of these selves at conversational w
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Page 245 and 246: CHAPTER 8 ALIGNING SELVES IN THE AC
Page 247 and 248: atification and support of unique,
Page 249 and 250: Fig 8.2b The Individuated Selves (a
Page 251 and 252: Excerpt 8.1 'Cookie's Party' I LM:
Page 253 and 254: Beginning with the topic of convers
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Page 261 and 262: Conversely, in considering the next
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Page 265 and 266: however, such narrating selves are
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Page 269 and 270: capabilities of KP&EP and in this w
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Page 273 and 274: 6 (0.5) 7 EP: America is booming at
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Page 277 and 278: In terms of the selves mobilised, t
Page 279 and 280: in 'Cookie's Party'- again, a secon
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Page 285 and 286: episode takes place. Rather, the ta
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Page 289 and 290: What this talk demonstrates is that
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Page 293 and 294: demeaned and knowledgeable selves (
Page 295 and 296: preceding comments regarding sociab
Page 297 and 298: CHAPTER 9 CONCLUSION: THE TO AND FR
Page 299 and 300: identified in conversational behavi
Page 301 and 302: handled sociable topics, in terms o
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Page 305 and 306: sociable conversation. This sociabl
Page 307 and 308: maintain the underlying equilibrium
Page 309 and 310: allowed for by the facework as alig
Page 311 and 312: somebody who is overly-friendly, ge
Page 313 and 314: Fig 9.2 A Maxim of Conversational P
Page 315 and 316: Notes to Chapter 9 1 When we are ta
Page 317 and 318: German Participants Name Age Occupa
Page 319 and 320: German Gatherings Gathering Date Se
Page 321 and 322: Brown, G., and Yule, G. (1983) Disc
Page 323 and 324: Ervin-Tripp, S., Nakamura, K, and G
Page 325 and 326: Hellweg, S A., Samovar, L A., and S
Page 327 and 328: Hu, H C. (1944) The Chinese concept
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Page 331 and 332: - (1994) 'Facework in Communication
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Snell-Hornby, M.. (1984) 'The Lingu
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Trubisky, P., Ting-Toomey, S., and
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