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Information and Knowledge Management using ArcGIS ModelBuilder

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Jose Teixeira <strong>and</strong> Reima Suomi<br />

application targeting chronic patients where the developers manifest their chronic patient status. The<br />

authors strongly believe that many other software applications are developed by the patients<br />

themselves, but developers are reluctant in publicly revealing their chronic patient condition.<br />

Figure 1: The development of open-source chronic healthcare software (Teixeira <strong>and</strong> Suomi 2010)<br />

Our main research question is “what is the feedback that those patients are giving to those new<br />

patient to patient open-source chronic-healthcare systems?” , secondarily we also address “how<br />

different those new open-source systems are from the installed traditional systems”.<br />

With Table 1 we capture information about the three open-source software projects explored by<br />

Teixeira <strong>and</strong> Suomi (2010): First “GNU Gluco Control” that targets diabetics <strong>and</strong> offers an unique<br />

multi-devices support; secondly the “MySHI (My Self Health <strong>Information</strong>)” a database for tracking<br />

personal health information that allows its users to run a web-based health information database in<br />

their own computers: <strong>and</strong> finally “PumpDownload” a diabetes monitoring software that aims to<br />

compatibility with many meters <strong>and</strong> pumps as possibly. Its is important to refer that code contributions<br />

are the ones building the functionality of the core software; non-code contributions are often<br />

localization/translation efforts <strong>and</strong> functional testing.<br />

Table 1: Open-source health systems explicitly developed by patients (authors)<br />

Project Link (http://) Code<br />

contributors<br />

GGC ggc.sourceforge.<br />

net<br />

MSHI sourceforge.net/<br />

projects/myshi/<br />

PD pumpdownload.s<br />

ourceforge.net/<br />

3 active product<br />

core developers<br />

+ 2 active writing<br />

plug-ins for<br />

specific patient<br />

devices.<br />

One very active<br />

developer.<br />

One active<br />

developer + one<br />

anonymous<br />

fixing code bugs.<br />

Non-code<br />

contributions<br />

Many doing<br />

software<br />

translation to<br />

other languages<br />

Positive reviews Negative reviews<br />

Many <strong>using</strong><br />

sourceforge<br />

project<br />

recommendation<br />

<strong>and</strong> review<br />

mechanisms.<br />

None<br />

None None None<br />

None None. Developer<br />

prefers direct<br />

email contact<br />

rather than<br />

forums.<br />

None. Developer<br />

prefers direct<br />

email contact<br />

rather than<br />

forums.<br />

This phenomenon where patients develop their own software that eases their life seems to be a<br />

manifestation of the user innovation phenomenon as described by von Hippel (2005). Users can<br />

develop exactly what they want without relying on manufacturers to act as their agents that very often<br />

468

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