The book of Enoch : translated from Professor Dillmann's Ethiopic ...

1 20 The Book of Enoch. [Sect. 11.
dwell on the earth. 8. After that I asked the angel of
peace who went with me, who showed me everything that
is hidden, 'Who are these four presences which I have
seen and whose words I have heard and written down ? '
9. And he said to me :
f This first is Michael, the merciful
and long-suffering : and the second, who is set over all the
diseases and the wounds of the children of men, is Rufael :
and the third, who is set over all the powers, is Gabriel : and
the fourth, who is set over the repentance and hope of those
who inherit eternal life, is named Fanuel/ 10. And these
are the four angels of the Lord of Spirits and the four voices
I heard in those days.
XLI. 1. And after that I saw all the secrets of the heavens,
and how the kingdom is divided and how the actions of men
8. Who are, &c. ? Before these words Din. inserts ' and I said
unto him ' against G M. 9. This first is Michael. So G M.
Din. and FHKLNO read ' this first is the holy Michael/
The third . . . Gabriel. So G M. Din. and FHKLNO 'the
holy Gabriel/ Is named Fanuel. So G M : Hftffi*; fohh
Other MSS. 'is Fanuel/ 10. The Lord of Spirits. So GM.
Din., with other MSS., ' the Most High God/
Gen. Introd. (pp. 52-3). 8. Angel with the doctrine of divine grace;
of peace: see note on verse 2. but in the Talmud it is absolutely
XLI. 1. The kingdom is divided. materialised, and man's salvation de-
What 'the kingdom' means here is pends on a literal preponderance of
doubtful. Din. takes it to mean the his good deeds over his bad ones : see
Messianic kingdom; Schodde, the Weber, L. d. T. 269-273. This weighkingdom
of this world. Can it refer ing of man's deeds goes on daily
to the division of heaven into seven (idem 272). But as the results of such
parts? The actions of men are judgments were necessarily unknown,
weighed : cf. lxi. 8. The idea is there could not fail to be much uneasi-
derived from the 0. T., where Job ness, and to allay this the doctrine
(xxxi. 6) prays to be weighed in an of Abraham's meritorious righteous-
even balance, and the spirits of men ness was in due time developed, in
are weighed by God, Prov. xvi. 2 virtue of which all natural descen-
xxi. 2; xxiv. 12, and the wicked are dants of Abraham through Jacob
found wanting, Ps. lxii. 9; Dan. v. 27;
became entitled to salvation (Weber,
Pss. Sol. v. 6. In Enoch, as in the 280-285). This doctrine, though as
O. T., this idea is not incompatible yet unknown in Enoch, was a popular