The Bourgeois Virtues: Ethics for an Age of Commerce

516 notes to pages 10–1720. So it is given in Baudelaire, “Further Notes,” 1857,p.97; but an editor of Poe 1849 (Poedied that same year) at http://www.eapoe.org/works/misc/fiftysc.htm believes “old” may havebeen meant to be “odd.” The peskiness of editors. But that Baudelaire believed it “old” is itselfsignificant.21. Shaw, Introduction to Hard Times, 1912, pp.334–335. Compare Holmes to Pollock, Dec.29, 1915: “The first half of the 19th century was unhygienic but jovial. We now have improvedhygiene and all manner of intelligent isms but don’t seem to get a good time out of it” (Holmes,Holmes-Pollock, vol. 1,p.229).22. Butler, Fifteen Sermons, 1725,preface,p.349. I have modernized spelling and punctuationhere and elsewhere, to avoid distancing the authors. Stephen Greenblatt praises the Oxford edition’s(1986) modernizing of Shakespeare’s spelling for avoiding “a certain cozy, Olde-Englishquaintness” (Greenblatt, General Introduction to The Norton Shakespeare, 1997,p.73). The distanceof the olde ffolke should depend on their thoughts, not their spelling conventions. For the samereason I have changed British spellings to American,“honour” to “honor” and the like. SometimesI cannot resist retaining “-eth” in sixteenth-century quotations. It’s so cozy and quaint.23. Smith, Moral Sentiments, 1749 (1790) 7.2.4.12,p.312.24. Oz, “The Discreet Charms of Zionism,” 1977, in Under This Blazing Light, 1979,p. 108.25. Marx,Capital, 1867, chap. 31, last page (p. 834 of Modern Library ed.).26. Schumpeter, Capitalism, Socialism, 1942, part 2, “Can Capitalism Survive?” para. 3,p.61of Harper Torchbook ed.27. Weber 1904–1905, p.17; in his General Economic History (1923 [trans. Frank Knight1927], p. 355) he writes, “The notion that our rationalistic and capitalistic age is characterizedby a stronger economic interest than other periods is childish.”28. Mokyr,Gifts, 2002, chap. 7, “Institutions, Knowledge, and Economic Growth.”29. Weber,Protestant Ethic, 1904–1905 (1958), p. 52. But it did not have the modern spirit ofholy accumulation and rationality, he adds.30. Goody,East in the West, 1996,p.237.31. Sartre,Anti-Semite, 1944,p.57.32. Lasch, The Culture of Narcissism, 1979,p.18.33. http://www.freedomhouse.org/research/freeworld/2004/charts2004.pdf.34. See the book of amazing economic facts by the economic historian Angus Maddison,World Economy, 2001, summarizing the work over the past decades by our colleagues in economichistory.35. Wells, Journey of Man, 2002,p.151, implies a rise from some few thousands out of Africato 10 million by 8500 BC, to the full 1,000 million in 1800. On these time scales the past twocenturies are surely the fastest rise.36. Maddison, World Economy, 2001, p.28, table 1–2: “world” and “Average Group A” and“Africa.”37. The terse entries were discovered by the historian Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, weretranscribed by a husband-wife team in ten years of evening labor, and were dramatized in afilm of 1997 by Laurie Kahn-Leavitt and Richard Rogers. Ulrich wrote a book about the life in1990.