The Bourgeois Virtues: Ethics for an Age of Commerce

notes to pages 68–80 521chapter 2: the very word “bourgeois”1. Huddie “Leadbelly” Ledbetter, “Bourgeois Blues,” 1937 (copyright 1959 Folkways MusicPublisher).2. Mencken, “Types of Men,” 1922.3. Quoted in Johnston, Radical Middle Class, 2003, p.5, which contains a good analysis ofthe phenomenon of the antibourgeois bourgeoisie.4. Hartz, Liberal Tradition, 1955, following Tocqueville.5. Murphy, “American Presidents,” 2004.6. On Switzerland, see Kocka, “The European Pattern,” 1988 (1993), p. 26.7. Hobsbawm, “English Middle Class,” 1988 (1993), pp. 134, 138, 145.8. Davidoff and Hall, Family Fortunes, 1987,p.264.9. Graña, Bohemian versus Bourgeois, 1964,p.17.10. Florida, Creative Class, 2002,p.332.11. Reprinted and translated in Horst, Low Sky, 1996, p. 142. The poem was called“Liefdesverklaring,” or “Love-Declaration.”12. In such matters the Dutch were perhaps a little more democratic even before the warthan, say, the English or the French. Accompanying the representatives of the Bildungsbürgertumon their evening stroll in Gresshof’s poem was a representative from the petite bourgeoisie,“en ’t klerkje dat vandaag wat vroeger klaar is,” “and a little clerk who today is finisheda bit early.”13. Johnston, Radical Middle Class, 2003,p.28.14. See Johnston’s review of the critics of the Lasswell-Lipset-Mayer theory of petit bourgeoisreaction, chap. 6 of Radical Middle Class.15. Johnston, Radical Middle Class, 2003,p.13.16. Greenblatt, Will in the World, 2004,p.76.17. Remember: unattributed word-lore is from The Oxford English Dictionary.18. Quoted in Greenblatt, Will in the World, 2004,p.77.19. Gilman, Women and Economics, 1898,p.157.20. Thompson, Virtuous Marketplace, 2000,p.174.21. Quoted in Johnston, Radical Middle Class, 2003,p.264.22. Jefferson to John Jay, August 23, 1785, http: //wikisource.org/wiki/Letter_to_John_Jay_-_August_23,_1785.chapter 3: on not being spooked by the word “bourgeois”1. Huizinga, “Spirit of the Netherlands,” 1935 (1968), p. 111.2. On the Social Contract, bk. I, chap. 6, end, and footnote, in Basic Political Writings.Mansfield points this out in Mansfield, “Liberty and Virtue,” 2003,p.9. Rousseau says in footnote4 that “quand Bodin a voulu parler de nos citoyens et bourgeois, il a fait une lourdebévue en prenant les uns pour les autres” (“When [Jean] Bodin wanted to speak of our citizensand bourgeois, he committed a terrible blunder in taking the one for the other”).http://un2sg4.unige.ch/athena/rousseau/jjr_cont.html#4.3. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.568.4. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.567.