The Bourgeois Virtues: Ethics for an Age of Commerce

522 notes to pages 81–945. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.11.6. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.420.7. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.420.8. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.609.9. Parks, “Cosimos,” 2002,p.76.10. Parks, “Cosimos,” 2002,p.75.11. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.49.12. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.399.13. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.388.14. Felltham, A Brief Character of the Low Countries, 1652, quoted in Gross, The New OxfordBook of English Prose, 2000,pp.95–96.15. Schama, Embarrassment, 1987,p.47.16. Ross, “American Exceptionalism,” 1995,p.22.17. De Vries, European Urbanization, 1984,pp.270–277, cited in Maddison, World Economy,2001, p.54. Compare, however, the northern Italians of bourgeois character in Milan, Venice,Florence, Genoa, Pisa, Siena, and the like. In 1600 only Paris and London were in the club ofover-100,000-population with Naples, Venice, Milan, Rome, and Palermo.18. Israel, Dutch Republic, 1995,pp.115, 328; Maddison, World Economy, 2001,p.54.19. De Vries, European Urbanization, 1984, pp.30, 36, 39, and 46, quoted in Maddison,World Economy, 2001,p.248.20. “Vivent les Gueux,” Israel, Dutch Republic, 1995,p.148.chapter 4: the first virtue: love profane and sacred1. For example, by Budziszewski, “Escape from Nihilism,” n. d.2. Murdoch, “Sovereignty of Good,” 1967,p.103.3. Tompkins, “Me and My Shadow,” 1987 (2001), p. 2143.4. Willey,English Moralists, 1964,pp.107–108.5. Essais de morale (1671), in Clark, ed., Commerce, Culture, 2003,pp.57, 59.6. Morgan quoted in Held, Feminist Morality, 1993,pp.48–49.7. Hornby,How to Be Good, 2001,p.200; Munro, “Nettles” in Munro, Hateship, 2003.8. Lewis, Four Loves, 1960,p.142.9. Casey, Pagan Virtue, 1990,p.163.10. Aquinas, Summa contra gentiles, c. 1259–1264, bk. 3, pt.3, chap. 124, “That Marriageought to be between one Man and one Woman.”11. Plato had applied it of course to both heterosexual and homosexual unions. The Wifeof Bath had at church door husbands five, but recent scholarship has found that homosexualunions were routinely honored in the Middle Ages and Renaissance at the same place (Boswell,Same Sex Unions, 1994,pp.191, 264, 267, 280–281).12. Macfarlane, Riddle of the Modern, pp. 176, 183, 189.13. Macfarlane, Riddle of the Modern, pp. 199, 175 (quoting Steele), 336 (quoting Thompson),343.14. Duffy, “Cradle Will Rock,” 2002,p.61.15. Quoted in Duffy, “Cradle Will Rock,” 2002,p.62.