managing travel for planned special events - FHWA Operations ...

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Public agencies can enhance the image oftheir area by adopting a planned, coordinated,and integrated approach toward managingtravel for planned special events thatminimizes traffic congestion, maintainstransportation system reliability, and exceedsthe customer service expectations ofall road users. These users include eventpatrons, commuters, truckers, and emergencyservice providers.Table 1-5 presents the overall benefits thatcan be realized through managing travel forplanned special events.Table 1-5Overall Benefits (4)BENEFIT• Reduced delay for motorists attending theplanned special event through more active informationdissemination, traffic management,and alternate mode use.• Reduced delay for motorists not attending thespecial event through active promotion of alternateroutes or modes.• Reduced overall traffic demand at or near thespecial event site through active promotion ofalternate routes or modes or dissemination ofinformation, resulting in the cancellation ordelay of unnecessary trips.• Improved safety through more active trafficmanagement and reduced motorist frustration.Table 1-6Benefits to Transportation Stakeholders andSystem OperationsBENEFIT• Deployment of new technologies for trafficcontrol and monitoring.• Incorporation of new procedures and tacticsinto everyday traffic/incident managementtasks.• Upgrade of transportation system infrastructure.• Improvement in stakeholder productivity.• Promotion of interagency sharing of personneland equipment resources.• Leverage of public support for newly deployedtraffic management and transit initiatives.• Attraction of new regular transit users andcarpoolers.• Development of new interagency relationshipscrossing jurisdictional boundaries.• Improvement in communication and trustbetween stakeholders.• Coordination of and participation in regionalorganizations to influence policy and improveactivities for all planned specialevents.• Dissemination of lessons learned and solutionsto technical problems that other jurisdictionsmay encounter in the future.• Promotion of stakeholder efforts in the media,as illustrated in Figure 1-3.The proactive and coordinated managementof travel for planned special events alsoyields numerous benefits to transportationstakeholders and transportation system operations,as indicated in Table 1-6.A successful planned special event also satisfiescommunity residents and businessespossessing no direct interest in the event.Table 1-7 specifies community benefits.Table 1-7Community BenefitsBENEFIT• Better community recognition.• Increased pride and community spirit.• Increased awareness of the community as atravel destination.• Increased knowledge of potential for investmentand commercial activity in the community.• Increased potential to attract other specialevents.1-6
Figure 1-3Media Promotion of Stakeholder Efforts(Graphic courtesy of the Wisconsin DOT.)LITERATURE REVIEWNCHRP Synthesis 309A National Cooperative Highway ResearchProgram (NCHRP) synthesis, TransportationPlanning and Management for SpecialEvents, reports on the state-of-the-practiceof transportation-related activities associatedwith the planning and management of specialevents. (4) It identifies how agencies areplanning, coordinating services, and managingtransportation systems for planned specialevents. Based on a survey of stakeholderpractices related to special eventplanning and management, the synthesis reportaddresses special event types, involvedstakeholders, tools and techniques for managingtravel demand and controlling traffic,operations guides, qualitative and quantitativeassessment efforts, and funding sources.FHWA Metropolitan ITSInfrastructure DeploymentTrackingThe FHWA maintains an Intelligent TransportationSystems (ITS) deployment trackingdatabase based on surveys of agencies inthe 78 largest U.S. metropolitan areas andencompassing six ITS infrastructure componentareas. (5) A survey on freeway managementincludes a select number of questionson special event management, including:(1) regional coordination for plannedspecial events, (2) dissemination of informationto the public via techniques such as theInternet, television, kiosks, and telephoneinformation systems, and (3) transportationmanagement center (TMC) operations. Below,survey responses for the Year 2002 arepresented, summarizing the scope of regionalspecial event planning and applicationof certain ITS system characteristics tospecial event traffic management.Regional Coordination for Planned SpecialEvents• 68 percent of surveyed agencies (119total) participate in a formal multiagencyinitiative to proactively plan forand coordinate activities regionally relatedto special events. Of the agenciesthat participate in a formal multi-agencyinitiative:o 59 percent of surveyed agencies planto document and coordinate activities,resources, and policies for allspecial events.o 36 percent of surveyed agencies haveentered into an interagency agreement.o 64 percent of surveyed agencies participatein a multi-agency team.1EVENT PROFILE POST-EVENT ACTIVITIES DAY-OF-EVENT ACTIVITIES ADVANCE PLANNINGOVERVIEW1-7
Page 1 and 2: MANAGING TRAVEL FORPLANNED SPECIAL
Page 3: Technical Report Documentation Page
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION......
Page 8 and 9: Available Resources ...............
Page 10 and 11: Stakeholder Roles and Coordination
Page 12 and 13: APPENDIX L - PUBLIC AGENCY AND EVEN
Page 14 and 15: Table 3-30 Crash Prevention Tactics
Page 16 and 17: Table 8-4 Day-of-Event Personnel Re
Page 18 and 19: LIST OF FIGURESFigure i-1 Planned S
Page 20 and 21: Figure 6-58 Portable Lighting .....
Page 22 and 23: BACKGROUNDPlanned special events po
Page 24 and 25: includes forming multidisciplinary
Page 26 and 27: THIS PAGE LEFT BLANKi-6
Page 28 and 29: congestion is considered either rec
Page 30 and 31: GOALS OF MANAGINGTRAVEL FOR PLANNED
Page 34 and 35: • 73 percent of surveyed metropol
Page 36 and 37: Table 1-8Planned Special Event Mana
Page 38 and 39: SPECIAL EVENTMANAGEMENTPHASEProgram
Page 40 and 41: Board, Washington, D.C., January12
Page 42 and 43: characteristics and how these chara
Page 44 and 45: a spur-of-the-moment decision to at
Page 46 and 47: Discrete/Recurring Event at a Perma
Page 48 and 49: Arrowhead PondRed Wings vs. Mighty
Page 50 and 51: TRAVELDEMANDROAD/SITECAPACITYAVAILA
Page 52 and 53: transportation impact criteria: (1)
Page 54 and 55: Figure 2-6Wisconsin TIME program Sp
Page 56 and 57: INTEGRATIONOversightTeamEvent Plann
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Page 60 and 61: developing and implementing solutio
Page 62 and 63: Stakeholder Roles andCoordinationTh
Page 64 and 65: A local or county department of pub
Page 66 and 67: management strategies. For example,
Page 68 and 69: modate planned special events. This
Page 70 and 71: events. In turn, post-event activit
Page 72 and 73: at the beginning of the event opera
Page 74 and 75: • Notice of event for affected pr
Page 76 and 77: • Links between process steps are
Page 78 and 79: the event operations planning phase
Page 80 and 81: Table 3-14 summarizes four types of
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Unlike other traffic generators suc
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Identify On-SiteParking Area(s)Park
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Table 3-18Tools for Mitigating Plan
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pick-up/drop-off area, during ingre
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ELEMENTEvent patronparking areasTab
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(2) provide a defined passenger wai
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Table 3-25Tactics for Accommodating
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and/or downstream lane closures tha
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The key to maximizing capacity invo
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or variable message signs. CMSs are
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tion reports from various remote lo
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Transit ServiceModifications to exi
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ELEMENTCommand postoperationOperati
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fail. Both the tabletop and full-sc
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tion to performance evaluation data
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Table 3-39Communications Structure
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of a detailed evaluation report. Qu
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Sample questions for possible inclu
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THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK3-60
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tions or a single municipality, res
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events and annual fairs, or major e
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sidered the resources. These resour
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• Identification of funding sourc
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PHASEProgramPlanningEventOperations
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permit when the event organizer mee
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Table 4-4Planned Special Event Perm
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LOCATIONAnaheim, CAMenlo Park,CAMin
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egion. Appendix A contains Washingt
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Table 4-8 (cont’d.)Planned Specia
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Table 4-9 (cont’d.)Planned Specia
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Table 4-12Planned Special Event Per
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Table 4-15Planned Special Event Tec
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ITEM FUNCTIONS DEPLOYMENT APPLICATI
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clude: (1) remote modification of t
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agement. Not all of these are a sin
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9. Descriptions of tiers from mater
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CHAPTER FIVEEVENT OPERATIONS PLANNI
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work and schedule. The framework in
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Interagency CoordinationIn establis
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Fan CelebrationAnother severe impac
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process when forecasted traffic dem
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new and different stadium user with
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• The City also makes available g
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Table 5-8 summarizes four types of
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STEP SIXMITIGATION OF IMPACTSTraffi
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Table 5-11Feasibility Study Data Re
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Table 5-12Example Modal Split for D
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Table 5-14Example Planned Special E
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not offer advance ticket sales typi
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Parking Demand AnalysisA parking de
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Figure 5-11Designated Event Off-Sit
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• The first approach pertains to
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detail impact mitigation strategies
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5OVERVIEWFigure 5-16Site and Pedest
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Table 5-19External Factors Consider
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CHAPTER SIXTRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN6
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• Express service (e.g., new rout
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6DAY-OF-EVENT ACTIVITIES ADVANCE PL
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VENUEPickup /Drop-offWalkSITE AREAR
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special events. This checklist incl
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alternatives may exist, each will n
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Lot AssignmentThe objectives of lot
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parking garage. The lack of such pe
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Table 6-7Key Findings from Saint Pa
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tern of ingress and egress to achie
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Any planned special event parking a
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• Park vehicles at the same rate
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lot(s) conflicts with heavy adjacen
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Figure 6-16Annotated Aerial Map of
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trols for pedestrian protection and
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Use of a temporary pedestrian bridg
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ordinate with the event planning te
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ManagementFigure 6-28On-Site Shuttl
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the impact to neighborhoods surroun
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• On the day-of-event, the manage
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An alternate route plan represents
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Figure 6-33Background Traffic Diver
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Arterial-to-Arterial DiversionArter
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modation tactic that the traffic ma
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Transportation system management ty
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prove interchange capacity and oper
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6OVERVIEWFigure 6-39Temporary Elimi
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efore they enter an alternative lan
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Table 6-36Portable Traffic Manageme
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Advance traffic signal operations p
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EN-ROUTE TRAVELERINFORMATION PLANOv
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or venue access route. These are te
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forces affect the signal, such as w
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now be accessed en-route via cellul
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Subscription ServicesA number of pr
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• Wireless communications (It sho
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unlit freeway interchanges or arter
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Traffic Incident Quick ClearanceIni
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16. Dudek, C.L., Guidelines forChan
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CHAPTER SEVENTRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEME
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Demand Management StrategiesSuccess
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Figure 7-2High Occupancy Vehicle In
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fore. The website suggested that ev
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during the games. The predominant c
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• Patronage Potential - The speci
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may exceed an hour. Patrons who use
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• Recommended event ingress and e
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planned special event impacts opera
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planned special event and related t
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Appendix M contains an example of a
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CHAPTER EIGHTIMPLEMENTATION ACTIVIT
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The implementation plan communicate
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ELEMENTLocationspecifictrafficand p
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ers be used to: (1) watch what happ
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Communication from the TMC to vario
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Volunteer RecruitmentPrior to initi
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CHAPTER NINEDAY-OF-EVENT ACTIVITIES
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stakeholders comprising the traffic
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operations planning phase, the ICS
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Table 9-3Traffic Management PlanEva
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formation to a dispatcher who, in t
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seek out other sources. The media m
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Traffic Management SupportIn a traf
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Table 9-13Performance Evaluation Me
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CHAPTER TENPOST-EVENT ACTIVITIES10O
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Table 10-1Key Post-Event Activities
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ing events, slight changes in circu
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inaccurate, it will become clear th
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ics of interest to all participants
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spectives are noted during the debr
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CHAPTER ELEVENDISCRETE/RECURRING EV
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peak pedestrian and traffic departu
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STEPNO. PAGE1 5-202 7-93 5-214 5-22
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sive express bus service between ar
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POST-EVENTACTIVITIESSince a discret
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market an express bus service for a
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CHAPTER TWELVECONTINUOUS EVENT12OVE
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EVENT OPERATIONSPLANNINGBecause of
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NO.STEPPAGE1 5-202 7-93 5-214 5-225
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Table 12-4Checklist of Implementati
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Some distinguishing considerations
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CHAPTER THIRTEENSTREET USE EVENT13O
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EVENT OPERATIONSPLANNINGSince stree
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STEPNO. PAGE1 5-202 7-93 5-214 5-22
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may not regularly take place in the
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HANDBOOKPAGETable 13-5Checklist of
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• A planned special event permit
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CHAPTER FOURTEENREGIONAL/MULTI-VENU
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several vantage points (e.g., parks
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Table 14-3Event Operations Planning
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Table 14-4 presents a checklist ofi
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• With regard to regional/multi-v
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CHAPTER FIFTEENRURAL EVENT15OVERVIE
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ies by event, as some rural events
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STEPNO. PAGETable 15-3Event Operati
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Table 15-4Checklist of Implementati
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Some distinguishing considerations
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should focus on equipment and techn
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APPENDIX ASAMPLE SPECIAL EVENT PERM
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VIRGINIA BEACH, VA: PERMIT APPLICAT
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A-5
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EVANSTON, IL: SPECIAL EVENT HOLD HA
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MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD: SPECIAL EVEN
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A-11
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APPENDIX BEVENT-ORIENTED RISK SCENA
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APPENDIX CINTERAGENCY AGREEMENTS FO
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APPENDIX D2003 FAIR SAINT LOUIS EVE
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APPENDIX FPARKING AND PEDESTRIAN AC
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APPENDIX GWISCONSIN DOT ORGANIZATIO
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G-3
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BRISTOL (TN) MOTOR SPEEDWAYSource:
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PALACE OF AUBURN HILLS (MI)PARKING
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TALLADEGA (AL) SUPERSPEEDWAYNote:
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NASCAR DAYTONA 500Source: www.dayto
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MICHIGAN INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAYSour
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MARTINSVILLE (VA) SPEEDWAYSource: w
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APPENDIX KEXAMPLE TRAFFIC CONTROL P
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FREEWAY SIGNING PLANNASCAR BRICKYAR
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EQUIPMENT LOCATION PLANSYDNEY, AUST
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Source: www.ci.daytona-beach.fl.us/
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SEATTLE CENTERSEATTLE, WASource: ww
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RICHMOND INTERNATIONAL RACEWAYRICHM
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PNC PARKPITTSBURGH, PASource: pirat
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M-2
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FORD FIELDDETROIT, MIM-4
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APPENDIX NSAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION PLA
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N-3
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N-5
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