managing travel for planned special events - FHWA Operations ...

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Available Resources ................................................................................... 5-33Weather....................................................................................................... 5-34Concurrent Road Construction and Planned Special Events ..................... 5-34External Factor Monitoring and Assessment .............................................. 5-36References............................................................................................................... 5-36CHAPTER SIX – TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................ 6-1Purpose.................................................................................................................... 6-1Introduction .............................................................................................................. 6-2Plan Components..................................................................................................... 6-2Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-2Development Process and Integration........................................................ 6-5Special Considerations ............................................................................... 6-7Contingency Planning ................................................................................. 6-8Analysis and Modeling ............................................................................................. 6-9Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-9Analysis Techniques ................................................................................... 6-10Site Access and Parking Plan.................................................................................. 6-12Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-12Parking Policies and Tactics ....................................................................... 6-12Vehicle Access and Circulation................................................................... 6-16Parking Area Design and Operation ........................................................... 6-20Parking Occupancy Monitoring ................................................................... 6-23Parking Regulations.................................................................................... 6-24Plan Specifications...................................................................................... 6-25Pedestrian Access Plan ........................................................................................... 6-25Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-25Pedestrian Control ...................................................................................... 6-28Disabled Accessibility ................................................................................. 6-32Shuttle Bus Service..................................................................................... 6-32Plan Specifications...................................................................................... 6-36Traffic Flow Plan ...................................................................................................... 6-36Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-36Strategic Route Planning ............................................................................ 6-38Alternate Routes ......................................................................................... 6-40Emergency Access Routes......................................................................... 6-41Background Traffic Accommodation........................................................... 6-43Transit Accommodation .............................................................................. 6-45Plan Specifications...................................................................................... 6-47Traffic Control Plan .................................................................................................. 6-47Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-47Freeway Traffic Control............................................................................... 6-49Street Traffic Control................................................................................... 6-51Intersection Traffic Control.......................................................................... 6-57Plan Specifications...................................................................................... 6-59En-Route Traveler Information Plan ........................................................................ 6-61Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-61Information Needs....................................................................................... 6-62Static Signing .............................................................................................. 6-62Changeable Message Signs ....................................................................... 6-63Highway Advisory Radio ............................................................................. 6-64Media .......................................................................................................... 6-66Other Technology Applications ................................................................... 6-66Plan Specifications...................................................................................... 6-69Traffic Surveillance Plan .......................................................................................... 6-70Closed-Circuit Television Systems ............................................................. 6-70vi
Field Observation........................................................................................ 6-71Aerial Observation....................................................................................... 6-71Media Reports............................................................................................. 6-72Traffic Incident Management and Safety Plan......................................................... 6-72Overview ..................................................................................................... 6-72Crash Prevention Tactics............................................................................ 6-72Service Patrols ............................................................................................ 6-73Traffic Incident Quick Clearance Initiatives................................................. 6-75References............................................................................................................... 6-76CHAPTER SEVEN – TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT AND TRAVELERINFORMATION ............................................................................... 7-1Purpose.................................................................................................................... 7-1Introduction .............................................................................................................. 7-1Travel Demand Management .................................................................................. 7-2Overview ..................................................................................................... 7-2Demand Management Strategies ............................................................... 7-3High Occupancy Vehicle Incentives............................................................ 7-3Event Patron Incentives .............................................................................. 7-6Bicyclist Accommodation ............................................................................ 7-7Local Travel Demand Management............................................................ 7-8Transit Service ......................................................................................................... 7-9Overview ..................................................................................................... 7-9Public Transit Service Expansion ............................................................... 7-9Express Bus Service................................................................................... 7-11Charter Service ........................................................................................... 7-12Transit Service Marketing ........................................................................... 7-13Pre-Trip Traveler Information................................................................................... 7-14Information Needs....................................................................................... 7-14Internet ........................................................................................................ 7-16Telephone Information Systems ................................................................. 7-17Public Information Campaign...................................................................... 7-19Event and Venue Transportation Guide ..................................................... 7-20Other Technology Applications ................................................................... 7-21References............................................................................................................... 7-22CHAPTER EIGHT – IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES ....................................................... 8-1Purpose.................................................................................................................... 8-1Introduction .............................................................................................................. 8-1Implementation Plan ................................................................................................ 8-2Overview ..................................................................................................... 8-2Plan Specifications...................................................................................... 8-3Review and Testing.................................................................................................. 8-5Purpose....................................................................................................... 8-5Stakeholder Simulation Exercises .............................................................. 8-6Equipment Testing ...................................................................................... 8-8Personnel ................................................................................................................. 8-9Overview ..................................................................................................... 8-9Volunteer Recruitment ................................................................................ 8-11Training Activities........................................................................................ 8-11References............................................................................................................... 8-12CHAPTER NINE – DAY-OF-EVENT ACTIVITIES ............................................................... 9-1Purpose.................................................................................................................... 9-1Introduction .............................................................................................................. 9-1Traffic Management Team....................................................................................... 9-2vii
Page 1 and 2: MANAGING TRAVEL FORPLANNED SPECIAL
Page 3: Technical Report Documentation Page
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION......
Page 10 and 11: Stakeholder Roles and Coordination
Page 12 and 13: APPENDIX L - PUBLIC AGENCY AND EVEN
Page 14 and 15: Table 3-30 Crash Prevention Tactics
Page 16 and 17: Table 8-4 Day-of-Event Personnel Re
Page 18 and 19: LIST OF FIGURESFigure i-1 Planned S
Page 20 and 21: Figure 6-58 Portable Lighting .....
Page 22 and 23: BACKGROUNDPlanned special events po
Page 24 and 25: includes forming multidisciplinary
Page 26 and 27: THIS PAGE LEFT BLANKi-6
Page 28 and 29: congestion is considered either rec
Page 30 and 31: GOALS OF MANAGINGTRAVEL FOR PLANNED
Page 32 and 33: Public agencies can enhance the ima
Page 34 and 35: • 73 percent of surveyed metropol
Page 36 and 37: Table 1-8Planned Special Event Mana
Page 38 and 39: SPECIAL EVENTMANAGEMENTPHASEProgram
Page 40 and 41: Board, Washington, D.C., January12
Page 42 and 43: characteristics and how these chara
Page 44 and 45: a spur-of-the-moment decision to at
Page 46 and 47: Discrete/Recurring Event at a Perma
Page 48 and 49: Arrowhead PondRed Wings vs. Mighty
Page 50 and 51: TRAVELDEMANDROAD/SITECAPACITYAVAILA
Page 52 and 53: transportation impact criteria: (1)
Page 54 and 55: Figure 2-6Wisconsin TIME program Sp
Page 56 and 57: INTEGRATIONOversightTeamEvent Plann
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THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK2-18
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developing and implementing solutio
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Stakeholder Roles andCoordinationTh
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A local or county department of pub
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management strategies. For example,
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modate planned special events. This
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events. In turn, post-event activit
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at the beginning of the event opera
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• Notice of event for affected pr
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• Links between process steps are
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the event operations planning phase
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Table 3-14 summarizes four types of
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Unlike other traffic generators suc
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Identify On-SiteParking Area(s)Park
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Table 3-18Tools for Mitigating Plan
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pick-up/drop-off area, during ingre
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ELEMENTEvent patronparking areasTab
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(2) provide a defined passenger wai
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Table 3-25Tactics for Accommodating
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and/or downstream lane closures tha
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The key to maximizing capacity invo
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or variable message signs. CMSs are
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tion reports from various remote lo
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Transit ServiceModifications to exi
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ELEMENTCommand postoperationOperati
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fail. Both the tabletop and full-sc
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tion to performance evaluation data
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Table 3-39Communications Structure
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of a detailed evaluation report. Qu
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Sample questions for possible inclu
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THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK3-60
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tions or a single municipality, res
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events and annual fairs, or major e
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sidered the resources. These resour
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• Identification of funding sourc
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PHASEProgramPlanningEventOperations
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permit when the event organizer mee
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Table 4-4Planned Special Event Perm
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LOCATIONAnaheim, CAMenlo Park,CAMin
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egion. Appendix A contains Washingt
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Table 4-8 (cont’d.)Planned Specia
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Table 4-9 (cont’d.)Planned Specia
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Table 4-12Planned Special Event Per
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Table 4-15Planned Special Event Tec
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ITEM FUNCTIONS DEPLOYMENT APPLICATI
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clude: (1) remote modification of t
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agement. Not all of these are a sin
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9. Descriptions of tiers from mater
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CHAPTER FIVEEVENT OPERATIONS PLANNI
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work and schedule. The framework in
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Interagency CoordinationIn establis
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Fan CelebrationAnother severe impac
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process when forecasted traffic dem
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new and different stadium user with
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• The City also makes available g
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Table 5-8 summarizes four types of
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STEP SIXMITIGATION OF IMPACTSTraffi
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Table 5-11Feasibility Study Data Re
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Table 5-12Example Modal Split for D
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Table 5-14Example Planned Special E
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not offer advance ticket sales typi
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Parking Demand AnalysisA parking de
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Figure 5-11Designated Event Off-Sit
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• The first approach pertains to
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detail impact mitigation strategies
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5OVERVIEWFigure 5-16Site and Pedest
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Table 5-19External Factors Consider
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CHAPTER SIXTRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN6
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• Express service (e.g., new rout
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6DAY-OF-EVENT ACTIVITIES ADVANCE PL
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VENUEPickup /Drop-offWalkSITE AREAR
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special events. This checklist incl
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alternatives may exist, each will n
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Lot AssignmentThe objectives of lot
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parking garage. The lack of such pe
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Table 6-7Key Findings from Saint Pa
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tern of ingress and egress to achie
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Any planned special event parking a
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• Park vehicles at the same rate
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lot(s) conflicts with heavy adjacen
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Figure 6-16Annotated Aerial Map of
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trols for pedestrian protection and
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Use of a temporary pedestrian bridg
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ordinate with the event planning te
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ManagementFigure 6-28On-Site Shuttl
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the impact to neighborhoods surroun
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• On the day-of-event, the manage
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An alternate route plan represents
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Figure 6-33Background Traffic Diver
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Arterial-to-Arterial DiversionArter
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modation tactic that the traffic ma
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Transportation system management ty
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prove interchange capacity and oper
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6OVERVIEWFigure 6-39Temporary Elimi
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efore they enter an alternative lan
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Table 6-36Portable Traffic Manageme
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Advance traffic signal operations p
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EN-ROUTE TRAVELERINFORMATION PLANOv
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or venue access route. These are te
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forces affect the signal, such as w
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now be accessed en-route via cellul
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Subscription ServicesA number of pr
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• Wireless communications (It sho
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unlit freeway interchanges or arter
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Traffic Incident Quick ClearanceIni
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16. Dudek, C.L., Guidelines forChan
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CHAPTER SEVENTRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEME
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Demand Management StrategiesSuccess
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Figure 7-2High Occupancy Vehicle In
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fore. The website suggested that ev
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during the games. The predominant c
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• Patronage Potential - The speci
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may exceed an hour. Patrons who use
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• Recommended event ingress and e
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planned special event impacts opera
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planned special event and related t
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Appendix M contains an example of a
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CHAPTER EIGHTIMPLEMENTATION ACTIVIT
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The implementation plan communicate
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ELEMENTLocationspecifictrafficand p
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ers be used to: (1) watch what happ
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Communication from the TMC to vario
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Volunteer RecruitmentPrior to initi
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CHAPTER NINEDAY-OF-EVENT ACTIVITIES
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stakeholders comprising the traffic
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operations planning phase, the ICS
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Table 9-3Traffic Management PlanEva
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formation to a dispatcher who, in t
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seek out other sources. The media m
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Traffic Management SupportIn a traf
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Table 9-13Performance Evaluation Me
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CHAPTER TENPOST-EVENT ACTIVITIES10O
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Table 10-1Key Post-Event Activities
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ing events, slight changes in circu
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inaccurate, it will become clear th
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ics of interest to all participants
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spectives are noted during the debr
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CHAPTER ELEVENDISCRETE/RECURRING EV
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peak pedestrian and traffic departu
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STEPNO. PAGE1 5-202 7-93 5-214 5-22
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sive express bus service between ar
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POST-EVENTACTIVITIESSince a discret
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market an express bus service for a
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CHAPTER TWELVECONTINUOUS EVENT12OVE
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EVENT OPERATIONSPLANNINGBecause of
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NO.STEPPAGE1 5-202 7-93 5-214 5-225
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Table 12-4Checklist of Implementati
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Some distinguishing considerations
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CHAPTER THIRTEENSTREET USE EVENT13O
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EVENT OPERATIONSPLANNINGSince stree
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STEPNO. PAGE1 5-202 7-93 5-214 5-22
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may not regularly take place in the
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HANDBOOKPAGETable 13-5Checklist of
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• A planned special event permit
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CHAPTER FOURTEENREGIONAL/MULTI-VENU
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several vantage points (e.g., parks
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Table 14-3Event Operations Planning
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Table 14-4 presents a checklist ofi
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• With regard to regional/multi-v
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CHAPTER FIFTEENRURAL EVENT15OVERVIE
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ies by event, as some rural events
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STEPNO. PAGETable 15-3Event Operati
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Table 15-4Checklist of Implementati
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Some distinguishing considerations
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should focus on equipment and techn
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APPENDIX ASAMPLE SPECIAL EVENT PERM
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VIRGINIA BEACH, VA: PERMIT APPLICAT
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A-5
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EVANSTON, IL: SPECIAL EVENT HOLD HA
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MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD: SPECIAL EVEN
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A-11
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APPENDIX BEVENT-ORIENTED RISK SCENA
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APPENDIX CINTERAGENCY AGREEMENTS FO
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APPENDIX D2003 FAIR SAINT LOUIS EVE
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APPENDIX FPARKING AND PEDESTRIAN AC
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APPENDIX GWISCONSIN DOT ORGANIZATIO
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G-3
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BRISTOL (TN) MOTOR SPEEDWAYSource:
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PALACE OF AUBURN HILLS (MI)PARKING
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TALLADEGA (AL) SUPERSPEEDWAYNote:
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NASCAR DAYTONA 500Source: www.dayto
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MICHIGAN INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAYSour
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MARTINSVILLE (VA) SPEEDWAYSource: w
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APPENDIX KEXAMPLE TRAFFIC CONTROL P
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FREEWAY SIGNING PLANNASCAR BRICKYAR
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EQUIPMENT LOCATION PLANSYDNEY, AUST
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Source: www.ci.daytona-beach.fl.us/
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SEATTLE CENTERSEATTLE, WASource: ww
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RICHMOND INTERNATIONAL RACEWAYRICHM
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PNC PARKPITTSBURGH, PASource: pirat
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M-2
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FORD FIELDDETROIT, MIM-4
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APPENDIX NSAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION PLA
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N-3
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N-5
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