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murder the offender was ‘other’ (relative, friend or acquaintance)(table 3A.11.48).• In 76.3 per cent of Indigenous domestic violence related assaults, the offenderwas a family member. For non-Indigenous victims, 61.2 per cent of domesticviolence related assaults were committed by a family member (table 3A.11.48).• In 2005, the offender was a family member in 58.0 per cent of assaults onIndigenous people, whereas for non-Indigenous victims the offender was afamily member in 13.5 per cent of cases (table 3A.11.48).3.12 Imprisonment and juvenile detention ratesBox 3.12.1 Key messages• Indigenous imprisonment rates increased by 31.9 per cent between 2000 and 2006(figure 3.12.1).• Between 2002 and 2006, the imprisonment rate increased by 34.0 per cent forIndigenous women and by 21.6 per cent for Indigenous men (table 3A.12.7).• In 2006, after adjusting for age differences, Indigenous people were 12.9 timesmore likely than non-Indigenous Australians to be imprisoned (table 3.12.1).• At 30 June 2005, Indigenous juveniles were 23 times more likely to be detainedthan non-Indigenous juveniles. The difference between the Indigenous andnon-Indigenous juvenile detention rates has increased since 2001 (figure 3.12.4).The headline indicator ‘Imprisonment and juvenile detention rates’ provides aninsight into the level of involvement of Indigenous people in the criminal justicesystem as offenders.Australia’s Indigenous people are highly over-represented in the criminal justicesystem (Woodward 2003). Adverse socioeconomic conditions in Indigenouscommunities (such as, poverty, unemployment, low levels of educationalattainment, and lack of access to social services) are associated with high crimerates. The 1991 Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (RCIADIC)identified links between the formal education system, child welfare practices,juvenile justice, health, and employment opportunities as contributors to thedisproportionate representation of Aboriginal people in police and custodialfacilities (RCIADIC 1991). Putt, Payne and Milner (2005) found that for manyIndigenous male offenders, substance abuse, particularly alcohol intoxication, wasassociated with criminal behaviour.121