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11.1 Employment (full time/part time) by sector(public/private), industry and occupationBox 11.1.1 Key messages• The full time employment rate for Indigenous people increased from 44.5 to52.2 per cent between 1994 and 2004-05, and the part time employment rateincreased from 25.5 to 34.9 per cent over the same period (figure 11.1.6).• In 2004-05, after adjusting for age differences:– Indigenous people in the labour force were more likely than non-Indigenouspeople to be employed part time (35.4 per cent compared to 27.7 per cent) andless likely to be employed full time (53.6 per cent compared to 68.5 per cent)(table 11A.1.2)– a higher proportion of Indigenous people than non-Indigenous people wereemployed in lower skilled occupations, including elementary clerical, sales andservice workers and labourers, and related workers (25.6 per cent compared to16.1 per cent) (figure 11.1.9).• For Indigenous people in 2004-05:– full time employment decreased with remoteness, while part time employmentincreased with remoteness (figure 11.1.2)– CDEP participation comprised a significant proportion of Indigenous employmentin remote and very remote areas, accounting for 63.5 per cent of Indigenousemployment in the public sector and 47.6 per cent of Indigenous employment inthe private sector (figure 11.1.7).Employment is an important indicator of Indigenous economic participation.Outcomes commonly associated with employment include increased income levels,better health and improved education outcomes, leading to enhanced self esteemand increased social integration. A number of issues associated with unemploymentand labour force participation are discussed in section 3.5. This indicator examinesemployment in more detail by full time and part time status, sector, industry andoccupation.The types of employment that people are engaged in may influence their wellbeing,by affecting remuneration and job satisfaction. Employment in certain industriesand occupations could also provide an indication of people’s skill levels andeducation attainments. High levels of part time employment could mask high levelsof underemployment. Underemployment has been found to be particularly commonamong Indigenous employees (Hunter 2002).Box 11.1.2 provides examples of some positive steps that have been taken toimprove Indigenous employment outcomes.ECONOMICPARTICIPATION ANDDEVELOPMENT11.3