An Afro-Indigenous History of the United States

6. Malinda Maynor Lowery, The Lumbee Indians: An American Struggle (Chapel Hill: University
of North Carolina Press, 2018), 137.
7. Lowery, The Lumbee Indians, 137–39.
8. Langston Hughes, “Simple, Indians, and the K.K.K.,” Chicago Defender, February 1, 1958.
9. Robert F. Williams, Negroes with Guns (New York: Alexander Street Press, 1962), 58.
10. National Congress of American Indians, “Mission and History,” http://www.ncai.org/aboutncai/mission-history
(accessed April 30, 2020).
11. Daniel Cobb, “Talking the Language of the Larger World: Politics in Cold War (Native)
America,” in Beyond Red Power: American Indian Politics and Activism since 1900 (Santa Fe:
School for Advanced Research Press, 2007), 162–63.
12. James Baldwin, The Fire Next Time (New York: Vintage International, 1993), 85.
13. James Cone, Martin and Malcolm: A Dream or a Nightmare (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books,
1992), 4.
14. Peniel E. Joseph, The Sword and the Shield: The Revolutionary Lives of Malcolm X and Martin
Luther King Jr. (New York: Basic Books, 2020), 16–17.
15. Sam Wineburg and Chauncey Monte-Sano, “‘Famous Americans’: The Changing Pantheon of
American Heroes,” Journal of American History 94, no. 4 (2008): 1186–202.
16. Jeanne Theoharis, A More Beautiful and Terrible History: The Uses and Misuses of Civil
Rights History (Boston: Beacon Press, 2018), ix–x.
17. Paul Gray, “Required Reading: Nonfiction Books,”
http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,988496,00.html, accessed March 25, 2021.
18. Ta-Nehisi Coates, Between the World and Me (New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2015), 36.
19. John Dittmer, Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi (Urbana: University
of Illinois Press, 1994), 12, 127.
20. Martin Luther King Jr., Why We Can’t Wait (1964) (Boston: Beacon Press, 2010), 141.
21. King, Why We Can’t Wait (New York: Signet Books, 1964), 119.
22. Why We Can’t Wait (Signet), 120.
23. Why We Can’t Wait (Signet), 120.
24. David J. Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian
Leadership Conference (New York: William Morrow, 1986), 564.
25. Garrow, Bearing the Cross, 556.
26. Martin Luther King Jr., Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? (1968; repr.,
Boston: Beacon Press, 1986), 84–85.
27. Jodi Byrd, The Transit of Empire: Indigenous Critiques of Colonialism (Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press, 2011), xiii.
28. King, Where Do We Go from Here?, 141.
29. Kay Mills, This Little Light of Mine: The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer (1993; repr. Lexington:
University Press of Kentucky, 2007), 7.
30. Mills, This Little Light of Mine, 10.
31. Belinda Robnett, How Long? How Long? African-American Women in the Struggle for Civil
Rights (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), 193. Robnett argues that African American
women used bridge leadership to connect the local people and those coming from other parts of the
US to fight for social justice.
32. Fannie Lou Hamer, “We’re on Our Way,” speech before a mass meeting held at the Negro
Baptist School in Indianola, Mississippi, September 1964,
https://voicesofdemocracy.umd.edu/hamer-were-on-our-way-speech-text, accessed March 25, 2021.
33. Malcolm X, The Autobiography of Malcolm X (with the assistance of Alex Haley) (New York:
Ballantine Books, 1992), 254.
34. The Autobiography of Malcolm X, 95.
35. The Autobiography of Malcolm X.