An Afro-Indigenous History of the United States

Name: The Harmful Consequences of Popular Reforms (New York: New Press, 2020). Schenwar and
Law argue, “The entire system must be ended and replaced with resources and supports that
genuinely meet people’s needs, as well as strategies that effectively address and reduce harm and
violence.”
POSTSCRIPT
1. “Treaty with the Cherokee: 1791,” https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/chr1791.asp,
accessed December 10, 2020.
2. “Treaty with the Florida Tribes of Indians, 1823,” in Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, vol. 2,
ed. Charles J. Kappler (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1904), 204.
3. Circe Sturm, “View of Race, Sovereignty, and Civil Rights: Understanding the Cherokee
Freedmen Controversy,” Cultural Anthropology 29, no. 3 (2014): 576–77.
4. There is a host of scholarship on the Five Tribes and their slaveholding. Daniel F. Littlefield
wrote a series of books on the different tribes and their relationship to the Freedmen, including
specific volumes on the Chickasaw Freedman and the Cherokee Freedmen. Jodi A. Byrd, “‘Been to
the Nation, Lord, but I Couldn’t Stay There,’” Interventions 13, no. 1 (2011): 31–52,
https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2011.545576.
5. Cherokee Nation, “Cherokee Nation Supreme Court Issues Decision That ‘by Blood’ Reference
Be Stricken from Cherokee Nation Constitution,” Cherokee Nation One Feather, February 22, 2021.