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110 (YOIl/racts of Sale. UTT ..... ,. - CONTI{ACTS OF SALE. THE rule of justice, which wants most to he inculcated in the making of bargains, is, that the sel ... Jer is bound in conscience to dis~)ose tIle faults of Amongst other methods of what he offers for sale. proving this, one may be the following: I suppose it will be allowed, that to ad vance a direct falsehood in recomtnendation of our wares, by ascribing to them some quality which we know that they have not, is disllonest. N O\V compare with this the designed conCealnl€tlt of some fault, which we know tflat they llave. The motives and the eHects of actions are the_
i1i ranit in the thing to be sold, and where the buyer has a compensation in the price for the risk which he rUI.s: as where a horse; in a London re~itory, is sold by public auction, without warranty; the want of warranty is notice of ~ome unsoundness, and produc.es a proportionable abatement in the price. To this of concealing the faults of what we want to put off, may be referred the practice ()f passing bad Inoney.· This practice we sometimes hear defend~ by a vulgar excuse, that we have taken the money for good, and must therefore get rid of it. Which excuse is Inuch the same, as if one, who had been robbed upon the highway, ~houtd allege he had a right to reimburse hiUlself out of the pocket of the first traveller he met; the justice of which reasoning the traveller possibly may not comprehend. Where there exists no monopoly or combinatioD; the market price is al ways a fair price; because it will always be proportionable to the use and scarcity of the article. Hence, there need be DO scruple about demanding or taking the market price; and all those expressions, "proyjsions are extravagantly dear," "corn bears an unrQsonable price,·' and the like, import no unfairness or u..wu-easonableness in the seller. '" If your tailor or your draper charge, or even ask of you more for a suit of clothes, than the market price, you complain that you are imposed upon; 'au pronounce the tradesman who makes such a charge dishonest: although, as the man~s goods were his own, and he had a right to prescribe the terms, upon -.lhich he would consent to part with them, it may be questioned what dishonesty there can bt: in the case, or wherein the imposition con. sists. Whoever opens a shop, or in any manner exposes goods to public sale, virtually engages to deal with his customers at a tnarket price; because it is upon the faith and opinion of such an engageQlent, p
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PRINCIPLES OP MOlUL AND POLITICAL P
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[ iv ] to advance the discovery, co
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[ vi ] tion, with '\vhich the grati
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PREFACE. IN the treatises that I ha
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I'ltEF AC 'f:. . Xl planations whic
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RFYACE. Inanner may be P.elt~ .. fj
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PREFACE. eci ; l'l('r 2 tllat i~ !i
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CON'T EN'1S. BOOK I. PR~LIMI NARY C
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BOOK III. PART III.-Of R!:LATIVE DU
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$ 5= If BOOK I. r == Preliminary Co
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The LlrdJ of the Ltmd. 25 Whereas e
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The Scriptures .. 27 gence and comp
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The Moral Sen.re'. Now the question
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The Moral Sense. 31 have been set u
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The Moral Sense. 53 Another conside
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Htl11llJR HoppineJ~. 58 sages of wh
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HU~lan HappitlclI. 37 the pleasures
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IIlilJZan Ilappincsse 39 ~tullious
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Hunlon Happine;fs. 41 makes no diff
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IJunlon IItIPpil1CSJ. It scr:-ins t
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HlU1f!an Happiness. 45 than what is
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Human Happiness. 3ame sum of money:
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Virtue. 49 Towards God; as piety, r
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Virtue. 5i might not indulge his hu
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59 a just economy I)f Providence, t
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Tr· ~ Irlue". \vhich 113th ten tal
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Moral Obliglltitm. 57 (as will appe
Page 55 and 56: M ol'al Obligation. 59 CHAPTER III.
Page 57 and 58: The Willo/'God. .61 -I work. The_~f
Page 59 and 60: The Divine Benevolence. The llletho
Page 61 and 62: The Divine Bene'Voiente. 65 the use
Page 63 and 64: LTtiJity. 67 and pe9ury; or ~ust j
Page 65 and 66: The Necessity oJGeneral Rules. i,9
Page 67 and 68: General Come'luetlces pursued. 71 j
Page 69 and 70: Of Right • . Frf'm the principles
Page 71 and 72: The Division of Rights. 75 with the
Page 73 and 74: ------ ."-~ ....... ___ .i --- ____
Page 75 and 76: The Djtt'isi~n of Rights. 79 him th
Page 77 and 78: The General Rights of 1Jfankind. 81
Page 79 and 80: The General Rights of Mankind. 83 c
Page 81 and 82: The General Rightl oj M4itHnJ. 85 w
Page 83 and 84: . " . • BOOK III . Relative D ttt
Page 85 and 86: Institution of Properly. .9 this so
Page 87 and 88: The History oj Property. 91 the sec
Page 89 and 90: PrDperty in Land. 98 neighbourhood,
Page 91 and 92: Property in Land. 95 these accounts
Page 93 and 94: Pronziscs. 97 rice of the demand up
Page 95 and 96: Pronlises. 99 interve" ~jon of prom
Page 97 and 98: Promises 101 you must gu~rd YOt'r e
Page 99 and 100: ProT/lises. lOS whatever she asked,
Page 101 and 102: Promises. 105 their obligation; for
Page 103 and 104: PrOiiliscs. 107 both pClrties; and
Page 105: Contracls. 109 made. The few instan
Page 109 and 110: Contracts of Hazard. 11 g exception
Page 111 and 112: Contracts of Lending, Ufc. 115 hims
Page 113 and 114: Contracts concerning the Lending Gl
Page 115 and 116: Lending of Mone'y' 119 It is a ques
Page 117 and 118: Lending 'J/ JJfoney 121 JYdts it ou
Page 119 and 120: Service. 123 Clerks and apprentices
Page 121 and 122: Commissions. 125 them that are your
Page 123 and 124: C'OlnnlisJ ions, 127 !ies at the ti
Page 125 and 126: 1~9 l)c diminished, by this rule B
Page 127 and 128: J,~ O./fices. lSI every duty, which
Page 129 and 130: ( ~. . f 1" .) h- h Ie h· t l:crt?
Page 131 and 132: Lies. IS5 Nice distinctions are OUt
Page 133 and 134: • Olllhs. 137 .£.. mongst the Gr
Page 135 and 136: Oaths. 189 great King; neither shal
Page 137 and 138: 14-1 knowledge, power, and justit~,
Page 139 and 140: Ooth if Alltgill1W. ~quaint~--d ; b
Page 141 and 142: 145 , 1 Y happens in despotic gover
Page 143 and 144: 14-7 Jr for my use 2nd benefit, dir
Page 145 and 146: Oath against Sim1n)'. 14-9 - ... .-
Page 147 and 148: SltbjcripliolU to Articles of Rdigi
Page 149 and 150: ISS ~Jr between the teachers and th
Page 151 and 152: Wills. }55 man make his will, devis
Page 153 and 154: -7-· •• $';' liiI. ;nay b~ equ
Page 155 and 156: ·'. i t - -- BOOK III. 3 p- .Relat
Page 157 and 158:
Slavery. 161 that good usage is thr
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Sil/r;)cry. 163 after all, what is
Page 161 and 162:
Professional Assiltonte. 165 oirgum
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p&cunillT] Bounll. CHAPTER v. CHARI
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PctUrJaTl Bounll· 169 pitiating th
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Pecunia'), Bounty. 1 '71 benefactor
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Pecuniary BOllnty. 173 s~~th in sec
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Pecuniary Bounty. i7S 5. " 'I'hat t
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177- It becomes sinful, or contradi
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Re1Je11gc. 179 I say this~ and you
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Revenge. 181 fi·om us a vote to wh
Page 179 and 180:
Duelling. 183 ..,irtue itself: The
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Duel/ing. 18:5 1n return, I forbear
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LitigaticlZ. 187 whilst others desp
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Graljttide~ 189 ;OU5 00 ~ks or pict
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i91 CHAPTER XII. SLANDER. SPEAKING
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Slander, 19S sins of inconsideratio
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1. The private comfort of individua
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lornicatiott. ]-97 .,.,ho infest po
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Fornication. 199 the danger of grea
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Seduct;~n. 201 mischief from so mea
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20S As a woman collects her virtue
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Adultery- AU behaviour, which is de
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Adultery. to accuse him before the
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POlyg411lY· 209 wit.hin three degr
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Polygamy. 211 they may be likely to
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Of DifJOrte. 21S The ancient Med~s
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Of Divorce. 21S ~uring the jodit li
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Of DifJorte. ~17 of personal imbeci
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Of D jvorcc. 219 and her marrying a
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Marriage. 221 CHAPTER VIII. MARRIAG
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Marriage. institution, or the plain
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Duty of Parents. 225 Ination of the
Page 223 and 224:
DUly of Parents 227 that the parent
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Duty of P arenls. 229 ifying, if no
Page 227 and 228:
DUly of PaTenll. 231 .Ali attention
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Dlil1 ~f P I1rtnls. any case justi!
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Dut! if ParentI. 235 consult a chil
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Rights of Parents. 287 Something li
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Dut, rf Chi/dre.n. 256 90ns in nune
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Dldy if Cl-ildrm. A parent has, in
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DIlIJ r/ ChiJdrnt. 248 and not that
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not be contended to be for the augm
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CHAPTER n. 247 DRUNKENNESS. DR Ulf-
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Drunkenne/J'. ~49 tirunken revels o
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Fouch a tavern. 251 And this may be
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Suicide. 259 propose many possible
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SuicilJe. p('rhaps, than the most p
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Su;cidl. .257 -.A. seeking relief i
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• • • ... BOOK v. Duties f07.
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DUly tmd Efficocy of PrtlJcr. agre~
Page 259 and 260:
Duty and Efficacy oj PraJ'er. 26S a
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Duty Qlui FJicacy oj Prayer. 26:) .
Page 263 and 264:
DUly Ilnd Efficacy cf Prayer. 267 ~
Page 265 and 266:
Duty and Efficacy oj Pr(Jyer 269 Go
Page 267 and 268:
Duty lind Efficacy oj Pray!,., 27!
Page 269 and 270:
Duty and Efficacy of Prayer. 273 ~h
Page 271 and 272:
Farms 0/ Prayer in Public liVorship
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277 prayer composed in one age, bec
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til Public fVorJblp. ence, and. the
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Sabbatical ltzltituli()llS oy silen
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Sabbatical InstitutiollS. not more
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·the LlJrd h;J.fh gi1Jen you tht :
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Sabl'aticai [lUi ituti(ins. 287 1£
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289 tllents, which, if a man do, he
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Sabllaticai Institut;oI1S. stituted
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[~batical Institution!. 293 tloy of
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Yio/atiCin of the Christintl Sabbat
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Uf Re·vcrcnci12g tbe Deil)'. £crv
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Vi Reverencing the Deii] :299 .auth
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Of Rt1.Jermcing tbe Dcit),. Christ
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01 Reverencing the Dei1fmanagement
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BOOK VI. ?Z - -- -- -. 5-----, 5 -
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.f),jpin fI.f ,-~ivil Gavtrnmtnt. '
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Subjection to Civil GO'lJernmcm. S0
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,., ,.. ". -I G 4)Utijtct:~'!! t~ ~
Page 309 and 310:
S"bi!'c!i{)n to Civil Govermnent. .
Page 311 and 312:
Duty of Suhmission expjoined. g 1 S
Page 313 and 314:
Duty oj Submission explained. S~ 7
Page 315 and 316:
Dut! of Supmissi(Jn explained. 319
Page 317 and 318:
Duty of SuomissiolJ tltplaitlld. "1
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~reign Dut.y t SZlbmi!Jion explaine
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DUly oj Submission explainetJ. J2J
Page 323 and 324:
Duty of C:'L'i/ Obedience. 827 ~mpo
Page 325 and 326:
as staled in the ScriplureJ. 329 Jo
Page 327 and 328:
as s/lIled in the Scriptures. SSI t
Page 329 and 330:
itS stated in the Scripture&\. ~~::
Page 331 and 332:
33J ;Jose, the com~un~calion of. hu
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~i10uili be con,- ~ved to a lazaret
Page 335 and 336:
Ci'IJil Liberty. 399 the exclusive
Page 337 and 338:
841 III. A REPUBLIC, or democracy,
Page 339 and 340:
if G(;'V{r1l1lltnt. -845 The same o
Page 341 and 342:
or et'en by the la\Vles5 wiil of an
Page 343 and 344:
tif Government. 347 most liable to
Page 345 and 346:
British Constitution .. 549 these c
Page 347 and 348:
British C011siitution. 351 Mo~t of
Page 349 and 350:
'~O be delivered from tIle uneasine
Page 351 and 352:
British Constitution. S5~; Qf gover
Page 353 and 354:
Britisli Constitution. 857 The repr
Page 355 and 356:
British COlzstitution. S59 .. i.s c
Page 357 and 358:
Britis/l COIlSlilliltOll. S61 ~1l c
Page 359 and 360:
SSg ,·Lnd \\:jtl:. the sentiments
Page 361 and 362:
Bril'iJh Constitution. ~65 usually
Page 363 and 364:
British Constitution. S67 first pla
Page 365 and 366:
British Constitution. 369 dlan what
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lJritjsh Constltutio1J, grea.:, or
Page 369 and 370:
Britisl, CCllS Iii zlti{;r;. ~ny rp
Page 371 and 372:
Of the Administration of J:!stice.
Page 373 and 374:
OJ"the Adnzmistratifin of lustice.
Page 375 and 376:
Of the Administration of Justice. 3
Page 377 and 378:
Of the AdminiJtration if Justice. :
Page 379 and 380:
OJ the Administratioll if Justice.
Page 381 and 382:
·"reai.~r inconn~ni~n~v than that
Page 383 and 384:
OJ :he .Adm;'l:drut;~1E of Justice.
Page 385 and 386:
Of tilt A.Jminislration of Justice.
Page 387 and 388:
Of the Administration of JustiGe. ~
Page 389 and 390:
Of tbe Administration oj Justice. 3
Page 391 and 392:
Of Crimes a1ld Punisbm~ntJ. 395 to
Page 393 and 394:
Of Crimes olzd Punishments. 897 oft
Page 395 and 396:
Of Crimes and Punishmentl. agg of h
Page 397 and 398:
(}JA Crill1t'S fllZd Pll1lishnzents
Page 399 and 400:
Of Crimes and Punishments. 4:03 the
Page 401 and 402:
Of Crimel and Punisl}mentl. 405 the
Page 403 and 404:
OJ Crimes and Punishments. 407 with
Page 405 and 406:
Vf' G'ri1llts lind PunZSiJnlents. 4
Page 407 and 408:
Of Crimes and Punishments. 41 ] to
Page 409 and 410:
Of Crimes and Punisbmccts. 413 spee
Page 411 and 412:
Of Religous Ertahlishmenls. ..15 ra
Page 413 and 414:
alld oj"'l o/eratloIZ. 417 other el
Page 415 and 416:
an.d of Toleration .• 419 . fl()~
Page 417 and 418:
I and if Toleration. 421 (·:'SS of
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tllzd 'f ToleratiDn. 42S without S0
Page 421 and 422:
and ofTol1!'N: 1 ion. 425 some soli
Page 423 and 424:
.nd of Tolerllt;on. 427 tic!es to b
Page 425 and 426:
and of Toleration. 4i9 hCi:8 transg
Page 427 and 428:
and of To/el-at;(jn. 481 I I to be
Page 429 and 430:
and if Tolel.1tiol;. 4SS fonn of Ch
Page 431 and 432:
and if Toleration. 435 stance, and
Page 433 and 434:
I fended. and of 11!craliolt. 4S7 O
Page 435 and 436:
and of Toleration. 4:59 I I • I a
Page 437 and 438:
~·i.\r:cr,ltl(rt, ail j CI)Jl11}le
Page 439 and 440:
Agriculture, and Commrrcc. 44-5 ..:
Page 441 and 442:
"5 Agriculture, op.d Cr;mmfr(e. hab
Page 443 and 444:
Agricullure, and CfJ11lmertt. 447 !
Page 445 and 446:
Agriculture, and Commerce. . 449 I
Page 447 and 448:
; I l , I I I r . Agriculture, OM C
Page 449 and 450:
Agriculture, IJnd Commerce. 4.,9 th
Page 451 and 452:
Agriculture, and Commerce. 4!JJ ula
Page 453 and 454:
Atritulture, Il7ld Commerce. 411 A
Page 455 and 456:
A'gricultuI"lJ, and Commf:rci. 459
Page 457 and 458:
AgritUJture, and Cotnmtrte. 46! or
Page 459 and 460:
Agriculture, and Commerce. 463 •
Page 461 and 462:
6! ·." ...,.. r , , C I I ,. .,. ,
Page 463 and 464:
... ~gricultilrC', alz,i C01Iln}Cre
Page 465 and 466:
Agriculture, 011d Conlmerce. 46£1
Page 467 and 468:
Agriculture, and Commerce. 471 tion
Page 469 and 470:
Agriculture, and Commerce. .7S From
Page 471 and 472:
t I ! ~ ,. ;1 f ~" . Agriculture~ a
Page 473 and 474:
0/ War, and of lAiiita,., E!tablizh
Page 475 and 476:
Milit~ry Establisbments. 479 t.hat
Page 477 and 478:
i~lililary Ejtabjishmcnlj~ 481 newl
Page 479 and 480:
Mi/itor1 Establishments. 483 to vin
Page 481 and 482:
Military Establishments. 485 edges
Page 483 and 484:
llIilitary E;tahlishmellis. 487 gen
Page 485 and 486:
MI",';t', r), Frfnl,l; r j'"J1r.";t
Page 487 and 488:
• J.~iili:ary Estttblishments. 49
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