ФІЛОЛОГІЯ XXI СТОЛІТТЯ: ТЕОРІЯ, ПРАКТИКА, ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

Цибульська Н.
магістр кафедри прикладної лінгвістики НУ «ЛП»
«FALSE FRIENDS OF TRANSLATOR»
IN ENGLISH-INTO-GERMAN TRANSLATION
Topicality of the research is based on the problem of cultural differences
of English and German in the modern international society
from the point of view of Ukrainian who studies the two foreign
languages. The article studies the issue of lexical parallelisms in the
process of translation and investigates the way of translation of ‘false
friends of translators’ as a problem of intercultural communication.
Along with English, Dutch and Frisian, German belongs to
the West Germanic group of Indo-European languages. Also, since
English and German have the same etymological origins, there
actually are a great number of words in both languages that are very
similar and do have the same meaning (‘word’/’Wort’ – ‘слово’;
‘book’/’Buch’ – ‘книга’, ‘house’/’Haus’ – ‘будинок’, ‘water’/’Wasser’
– ‘вода’). However, similar words with a different meaning are also
quite common (‘bekommen’ means ‘to get’, that is, ‘to come by’, not
‘to become’, and is thus a false friend, which could lead a German
English learner to utter an embarrassing sentence like: ‘I want to
become a beefsteak.’). The scientists who have investigated English
and German in comparison are J.A. Hawkins, Catharina Belinghausen,
Markus Schneider, Simon Corston-Oliver, Michael Gamon,
Savchenko L. P., Tyschenko K.
According to Braun P. and Skorohodko E., language parallels
are understood as the presence of common elements (in particular,
lexical) in two languages ​which are not necessarily related. These
linguistic parallels can be random and natural.
The degree of differences between the meanings of certain
lexical parallels are not the same. Therefore, all lexical parallels not
related to linguistic affinity can be divided into two categories –
internationalisms and pseudointernatsionalisms. Internationalisms,
in turn, also can be divided into two groups - full and partial.
Thus, there are three types of lexical parallels:
1) complete internationalisms, words that coincide in all meanings
in both languages (Accent – r, Akzent – акцент; march - v.
marschieren – маршувати; Pacific – r, Pazifik (from Latin) – Тихий
океан);
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