Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 49 Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs Methyl Bromide: Case Study • Adult female occupying a guest house rapidly developed headache, flu -like symptoms • Within 24 hours, found in status epilepticus • Initial labs remarkable for severe liver, kidney injury • Expired 19 days post -exposure • A building next door had undergone fumigation with methyl bromide. Seven 1 -2 inch underground conduits connected the buildings. • Methyl bromide had traveled from the adjacent building into the cottage. Module Four – Cyanide & Fumigants 49 This case report from the California Poison Center shows a typical course for high level methyl bromide exposure. An adult woman developed headache and severe neurological findings (seizure) and subsequently died after exposure to methyl bromide used to fumigate a nearby house. It was not known at the time that the two houses were connected by an undergound conduit, which allowed the methyl bromide to enter the victims home. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 236
Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 50 Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs Phosphine (PH 3 ) • Forms – Gas (vapor density 1.17) – Aluminum and Zinc phosphide pellets • Smells like garlic and rotten fish • Many uses in agriculture & structural pest control • Used in semiconductor industry • Concentration effects – 400-600 ppm - severe toxicity in 30 min – 1000 ppm - immediate death Module Four – Cyanide & Fumigants 50 Phosphides, typically distributed in pellet form, are commonly used in agricultural settings for the fumigation of grain and widely used in the semiconductor industry. In gaseous form phosphine is heavier than air and produces severe toxic effects above 400 ppm. Exposures exceeding 1000ppm usually lead to immediate death. Phosphine is the common name for phosphorus hydride (PH3). It is a colorless, flammable gas with a boiling point of -88 °C at standard pressure. Pure phosphine is odorless, but technical grade phosphine has a highly unpleasant odor like garlic or rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphine (P2H4). December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 237
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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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