Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 7 In this case, a nuclear medicine expert placed some illegally obtained iridium-192 above the ceiling tiles of his partner’s office, with whom he had had a dispute. Within days, the partner developed typical acute radiation sickness, as did seventy-four other hospital employees, before the surreptious placement of these sources was identified. Note the tiny size of iridium disks (2mm diameter) in the graphic. The perpetrator was arrested and sentenced to death. Slide 8 December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 370
Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Turning to an example of the next potential scenario, the Goiânia Brazil tragedy is probably the best-known example of surreptitious (though unintentional) dispersal of a radioactive source in a community, although there have been other cases over the years. In 1987, a radiotherapy device was found in an abandoned clinic by a few young men. They broke it open and found a blue glowing powder, which, unknown to them, was Cesium-137. These individuals sold it to a junkyard dealer. He broke it fully open and brought the glowing object into his home, and gave some of the powder to friends and family. The young daughter of the dealer rubbed some of this glowing powder onto her face. Once several of them started to get sick, the connection to the source was suspected, and a large public health response began. Note that it took nearly 2 weeks from the time of initial Cesium dispersal to discovery of the cause of illness in the affected individuals. Luminescence, or “blue glow” from the powder represents the presence of Tschenkov radiation. This occurs when high energy Beta particles released by the Cesium temporarily ionize water vapor molecules in the air. Some energy is released as visible blue light in the process. Lessons drawn from this accident in Brazil are still helping shape actions on radiation safety and security decades later. It was the worst accident involving a small radioactive source that the world has seen. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 371
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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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