Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 43 Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs Polybrominated Biphenyl (PBB) Exposure through Contaminated Food Michigan (1973) • Chemical plant packaged FireMaster flame retardant (PBB) and NutriMaster (MgO dairy cattle feed supplement) in similar brown paper bags due to a shortage of pre -printed bags. • Ten to twenty 50lb bags of PBB were included in a truckload of NutriMaster sent to a cattle feed mill during the summer of 1973. • PBB contaminated cattle feed was sold to dairy farms throughout the state Module One - Terrorism by Fear and Uncertainty: Delayed Toxic Syndromes 43 A chemical plant that manufactured both FireMaster flame retardant (containing polybrominated biphenyls (structure shown in graphic) and Nutrimaster (magnesium oxide feed supplement) mistakenly included 10-20 50 pound bags of the flame retardant in a shipment to a cattle feed mill in 1973. The mistake occurred because of a shortage of pre-printed bags. PBB contaminated cattle feed was sold to dairy farms throughout the state. A simple error in the distribution process led to this mass poisoning event. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 350
Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 44 Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs Polybrominated Biphenyl (PBB) Exposure through Contaminated Food • Weight loss, decreased milk production, and nonspecific illness noted among dairy herds in Fall 1973, Spring 1974 • After months of analysis, PBB detected in feed in April, 1974. • Quarantine of dairy herds and other farm animals started in May, 1974. • By 1975, 500 farms quarantined: – 30,000 cattle – 4500 swine – 1500 sheep, – 1.5 million chickens destroyed and buried. Module One - Terrorism by Fear and Uncertainty: Delayed Toxic Syndromes 44 Weight loss, decreased milk production, and nonspecific illness were noted among dairy herds in the fall of 1973 and spring of 1974. The cause was not known until PBB was detected in feed in April, 1974. Quarantine of dairy herds and other farm animals started in May, 1974. By 1975, 500 farms quarantined: 30000 cattle, 4500 swine, 1500 sheep, and 1.5 million chickens were destroyed and buried. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 351
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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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