Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide 3. Improving our public health and medical response/care system is critical to prevent illness and save lives. One of the features of this response is the recognition of syndromes characteristic of exposure to chemicals and distinguishing those from other more common entities. Early recognition of illness clusters will limit the extent and number of exposures and allow for an earlier, appropriate response. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 346
Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 40 Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs Lessons Learned • Highly toxic substances are currently readily available whose onset of toxicity is delayed • Toxins with delayed effects can be used to affect large numbers of people before it is discovered • The delay in onset of toxicity aids a would -be terrorist in avoidance of detection and escape • Widespread exposure and uncertainty re: long -term effects maximizes the fear factor – serves the purpose of the terrorist • Even less toxic compounds which are biopersistent and whose detection is delayed have enormous potential to cause fear and overwhelm health care resources Module One - Terrorism by Fear and Uncertainty: Delayed Toxic Syndromes 40 The examples covered in this module should make it clear that there are a number of available industrial chemicals that cause delayed-onset illness, allowing widespread exposure and potentially complicating clinical and epidemiologic evaluation. The more uncertain the source and long-term consequences of an exposure are, the more public fear (terror) will result. Because of the delay to onset of toxicity from a variety of available substances with significant potential to cause harm, many people may be affected – physically and/or psychologically, with significant impact on individuals and systems. In particular, concern about possible effects many years in the future (i.e. cancer and second generation effects), even if poorly supported by data or of little significance to any one individual, causes fear and initiated requests for monitoring. These considerations should be included in planning for response and communication post-event. As has been discussed in other modules today, identification of responsible individuals and even the source of a toxin may be challenging. This can be seen even with rapidonset toxins (e.g. Chicago cyanide contamination of over-the-counter analgesics is still an unsolved crime); identification of the culprit or extent of exposure following surreptitious use of a delayed-onset toxin will be much more difficult, leading to yet more fear and uncertainty. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 347
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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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