Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 2 Due to its complexity and the ease of disrupting its function, the human brain makes a great target for terrorism. The thought of someone interfering with our ability to function is very disturbing and highlights the power of the psychological effects of terrorism. The Central Nervous System is central to both our functionality and our thinking. Central nervous system is the organ system that includes the brain and spinal cord. Our ability to think, react and the control of many bodily functions are all coordinated by the brain. Disruption of brain function can be quite disabling and lead to all sorts of mental and psychological problems. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 70
Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 3 Despite its complexity, the brain really only displays its dysfunction in a small number of ways. There are basically three toxic syndromes that affect the central nervous system. This includes CNS depression (sedation), CNS excitation (seizure) and possibly altered thoughts, as with hallucinations. The objectives for today’s presentation include: o Review of the unique clinical effects of toxins that result in sedation syndromes o o List examples of agents of opportunity for each syndrome Describe the initial treatment strategy for each category of agent A syndrome refers to a constellation or grouping of signs and symptoms. A toxic syndrome refers to the signs and symptoms associated with exposure to a specific toxin or chemical. There are several different types of toxic syndromes. The three toxic syndromes which are most commonly seen are those that cause sedation or sleepiness, convulsion which are often referred to as seizures and hallucinations, which are distortions of reality. It is important to recognize that convulsions is an extreme manifestation of overstimulation, which is the opposite of sedation. People who have hallucinations may be awake and even alert but are not thinking clearly. A patient with hallucinations is often neither sedated nor agitated but they are clearly altered. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 71
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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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