Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 47 Prussian Blue (Radiogardase) is an FDA-approved treatment for victims of a “dirty bomb” who are internally contaminated with radioactive Cesium or Thallium. This chelator forms high affinity, nonabsorbable complexes with cesium and thallium. After oral administration, this compound decreases gastrointestinal absorption of Cs and Th. It also interrupts the recycling of these compounds from the systemic circulation through the bile and back into the gut. This increases the elimination of the radioactive elements from the body in the feces. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 410
Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism Training Support Package Participant Guide Slide 48 Another chelating agent is DTPA, which is generally given IV. It is used to bind larger radioactive elements such as plutonium. There are two forms of DTPA, one complexed with calcium, the other with zinc. Calcium DTPA is more effective in the first 24 hours after exposure, but Zn-DTPA is recommended for delayed or ongoing therapy. These agents exchange the calcium or zinc for the plutonium or other transuranic element (curium, americium) and the complex is excreted by the kidney in the urine. December 2008 Version 2.0 Page 411
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Chemical Agents of Opportunity for Terrorism: TICs & TIMs

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