transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo SaviÄ

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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 128CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOKThe specific geometry of the object of interest –this traffic road-object that is undergoing the Slovenian Capital ofLjubljana– was “tempting enough” to conduct this research, expecting new answers due to the possible impact of areality-oriented enclosure (computational domain) onto large-scale fire and escorting occurrences.However, the bifurcation of this three-lane tunnel, it´s general curvature of 4000m-bow and the changes of the“horse-shoe”-shaped to rectangular cross-section was obviously leaving no significant trace onto the propagation ofthe combustion consequences in the first two minutes (that was the duration of the physical experiments in thistunnel with however unfinished bifurcation traffic-line). So has the propagation of the gaseous products “followed”the major traffic-line in tunnel and expected smoke-evacuation through the exit (after the junction of the road)accompanied by the decrease of the distribution of the soot, temperature or irradiance in major traffic-line, was notto be observed.Computationally estimated temperature-distribution and velocity of gaseous-movement were compared against themeasured values of built-in sensors in real-case experiments with 1.5MW- and 3.5MW-fire. Therefore we were ableto rely on computational-investigations for estimation of temperature of air in “Sentvid”-tunnel in case of 40MWfire,that show us longitudinal temperature gradient as well.As expected, that flame-deviation stands in corelation with air-movement. That is why, the temperature in verticalplain over flame is lower than the highest measured temperature, what is consequence, firstly of slow counter-flowof fresh air and combustion-gases underneath the rim of tunnel and of the propagating of this large-scale confinedcombustion – so-called flame-rolling.By performing this study on only one object of interest of the given geometric characteristics (road-tunnel “Sentvid”in regime of natural ventilation), our investigation on the accidental fire was conducted according to the bothstandard i and novel experimental 31,42,44,50 and computer aided 51-53 research 54,55 performed by far.By trying to give the next step to the entire urge in the community, which is researching on large-scale confinedfires,we intend to address also the civil-engineering sector 56,57 and enlarge data-base for the medical healthprotection58 as well.Acknowledgement: Dr. Medzid Muhasilovic, Dipl.-Ing. and Ass. Prof. Dr. Jurij Modic, et al. do thank to Mr.Zibert, ELEA, Slovenia and to Mr. Persahlin, EQUA, Sweden for their significant contribution in acomplishing thisinvestigation.BIBLIOGRAFY1. S. Bengston G. Holmstedt, H. Tuovinen, Sensitivity Calculations of Tunnel fires Using CFD. Fire SafetyJournal, 1996. 1: p. 99 - 119.2. S. Kumar S. D. Miles, R. D. Andrews. Validation of a CFD model for fires in the memorial tunnel. in FirstInternational Conference on Tunnel Fires. 1999. Lyon, France.3. M. Deville M. Muhasilovic, Tunnel-Curvatire´s influence on the propagation of the consequences of largescaleaccidental fire - a CFD-investigation. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences,2007. 31: p. 391.4. G. Cox S. Kumar. Mathematical Modelling of Fires in Tunnels. in 5th International Symposium on theAerodynamics & Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels. 1985.
TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 1295. G. Cox S. Kumar. Radiation and Surface Roughness Effects in the Numerical Modelling of Enclosure Fires.in Fire Safety Science - 2nd International Conference. 1988.6. P. Chasse. Sensitivity Study of Different Modelling Techniques for the Computer Simulation of Tunnel Fire:Comparison with Experimantal Measures. in First CFDS International User Conference. 1993. Oxford,UK.7. P. Chasse H. Briollay, Validating and Optimazing 2D and 3D Computer Simulations for the OffeneggTunnel Fire Test. 1994, Centre d´Etudes des Tunnels: Bron Cedex.8. G. Cox S. Kumar, Mathematical Modelling of Fires in Tunnels - Validation of JASMINE. 1986, Transportand Research Laboratory Contractor: Crowthorn, UK.9. H. Tuovinen, Validation of Ceiling Jet Flows in a Large Corridor with Vents Using the CFD CodeJASMINE. Fire Technology, 1994. 32.10. J. P. Kunsch, Simple model for control of fire gases in a ventilated tunnel. Fire Safety Journal, 2002. 37: p.67-81.11. D. Drysdale A. Beard, P. Holborn, S. Bishop, Cofiguration Factor for Radiation in a Tunnel ar PartialCylinder. Fire Technology, 1993. 29.12. http://www.tunnelfire.com.13. S. D. Miles, About JASMINE, D.M. Muhasilovic, Editor. 2006: Edinburgh, Essen.14. S. Kumar S. D. Miles. Computer modelling to assess the benefits of road tunnel fire safety measures. inInflam 2004. 2004. Edinburgh, Scottland, UK.15. B. H. Hjertager B. F. Magnussen. On mathematical modelling of turbulent combustion with specialemphasis on soot formation and combustion. in 16th international symposium on combustion. 1976.Pittsburgh, USA.16. S. L. Liu P. Z. Gao, W. K. Chow, N. K. Fong, Large eddy simulations for studying tunnel smokeventilation. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 2004. Vol. 19(Issue 6): p. 577 - 586.17. J. Modic, Porocilo o meritvah pri pozernem preizkusu v cestnem tunelu SENTVID. 2008, University inLjubljana, Mechanical ENgineering: Ljubljana, Slovenia.18. M. Wehlan, On "Memorial Tunnel Experiments" (personal communication). 2006: Washington(USA),Podgora (Croatia).19. R. E. Britter M. K.-A. Neophytou, A simple model for the movement of fire smoke in a confined tunnel. Pureand Applied Geophysics, 2005. 162: p. 1941.20. J. H. Ferziger M. Peric, Computational Methods for Fluid Mechanics. 2001, Berlin: Springer Verlag. 423.21. S. L. Liu P. Z. Gao, W. K. Chow, N. K. Fong, Large eddy simulations for studying tunnel smokeventilation. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 2004. 19: p. 577.
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ISBN 978-86-83059-06-5Editor-in-Chi
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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODSAND RIS
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EDITORIALLand transport Pan- Europe
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Contents:INTEGRATED MODEL AND INFOR
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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RI
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Figure 3. Algorithm of Security Dat
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Figure 5. Algorithm of Ship Waste M
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Figure 7. Original Algorithm of Imp
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Figure 11. Original Algorithm of th
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Figure 13. Original Algorithm of th
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Figure 15. Original Algorithm of Ot
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Figure 18. The original algorithm o
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Figure 20. Original Algorithm of Ac
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Figure 23. Original Algorithm of In
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Figure 25. Original Algorithm of Ac
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Table 1. Classification of waste th
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Table 3 Classification of waste tha
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Table 3b Classification of waste th
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Table 3d: Classification of waste t
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Table 3f: Classification of waste t
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Table 6 Classes of the compounds th
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Table 6b Classes of the compounds t
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Oil, gas and mineralsTRANSPORT OF D
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