transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo SaviÄ
transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo SaviÄ
transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo SaviÄ
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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 134INFORMATION AND SECURITY OF INFORMATIONIn an emergency situation, information is the basic resource <strong>of</strong> finding an efficient solution. The focal activityreflects in a timely acquiring information as one <strong>of</strong> the key resources because, in this way, one <strong>of</strong> the basic problemsthat, as a rule, occurs in emergency situations in the form <strong>of</strong> untimely or incomplete information is resolved.As the degree <strong>of</strong> predicting an emergency situation os <strong>of</strong>ten very low, a deficit <strong>of</strong> time for realization usuallyoccurs at the moment <strong>of</strong> receiving the information. This points to an apparent paradox: on the one h<strong>and</strong>, in anemergency situation, there is the expectation to secure the reception <strong>of</strong> an accurate <strong>and</strong> reliable information for thesake <strong>of</strong> finding an efficient solution, <strong>and</strong> on the other, there is a very frequent situation in which, due to differentsources <strong>of</strong> instability in the transmission <strong>of</strong> information it is uncertain <strong>and</strong> untimely.From a wider point <strong>of</strong> view, information are gathered as the result <strong>of</strong> certain procedures that involve collecting,procesing <strong>and</strong> examining the phenomena <strong>and</strong> processes in nature <strong>and</strong> community (organization). These processesare a perpetual interchange <strong>of</strong> matter, energy <strong>and</strong> information that are detected <strong>and</strong> recognized by means <strong>of</strong> ourfaculties. Owing to these abilities, the information as the key resource may be the means <strong>of</strong> being informed about allpossible objects, phenomena, <strong>and</strong> processes 1) .There is a need to point out that one should bear in mind the unpredictability <strong>and</strong> specific features characteristic foran emergency situation. In its early stage taking certain measures is being prepared in case <strong>of</strong> any danger. Thosemeasures are obviously <strong>of</strong> general nature <strong>and</strong> ought to be coordinated with a concrete organization. For a specificapplication, a detailed information needs to be converted into a cocorresponding value <strong>and</strong> this dem<strong>and</strong>s theexistence <strong>of</strong> elasticity <strong>and</strong> adaptivity <strong>of</strong> the system that enables the reduction <strong>of</strong> danger <strong>and</strong> great losses in case anemergency situation occurs, <strong>and</strong> the losses are the greatest in the early stage <strong>of</strong> the emergency situation occurance.For a sucessful functioning <strong>of</strong> data interchange system it is necessary to meet the dem<strong>and</strong> for providing an adequateinfrastructure for the realization <strong>of</strong> interoprability. This means a gridlike infrastructure (hardware <strong>and</strong> s<strong>of</strong>tware),but also people, the organization <strong>and</strong> activities, regulations <strong>and</strong> codeboks necesary for creating conditions forinteroperability <strong>and</strong> information interchange. In most cases, such infrastructure is is in charge <strong>of</strong> organizations thatmake decisions in all stages <strong>of</strong> emergency situation so that it is the rezult <strong>of</strong> engagement <strong>of</strong> all levels <strong>of</strong> thedecision-making system. This engagement will enable the interchange <strong>of</strong> information by means <strong>of</strong> using st<strong>and</strong>ardcommunication protocols.One <strong>of</strong> the factors relevant for the fulfilment <strong>of</strong> tasks that is <strong>of</strong> special importance in organizations is security <strong>of</strong>information <strong>and</strong> information system, as a vaucher for establishing a high level <strong>of</strong> trust <strong>and</strong> security level insidethe system with information flows. Exceptionally important is the dem<strong>and</strong> for st<strong>and</strong>ardization to the end <strong>of</strong>uninterrupted communicating with the environment, at the same time keeping the dem<strong>and</strong>ed level <strong>of</strong> safety <strong>of</strong> oursecurity systems, <strong>and</strong> the needed level <strong>of</strong> interoperability with the systems in the environment 3 .INTEROPERABILITY IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATIONGenerally speaking, interoperability relates to the ability <strong>of</strong> two systems to interchange information <strong>and</strong> use them 4 .Interoperability dem<strong>and</strong>s a certain level <strong>of</strong> compatibility between the systems that are interchanging information sothat the transformations necessary for the realization <strong>of</strong> data interchange process could be reduced to minimum, <strong>and</strong>also to secure the prerequisites for an acurate interpretetation <strong>of</strong> interchanged data. It would be perfect if thesystems that take part in interoperability were in accordance with the interchange domain st<strong>and</strong>ards, which is verydifficult, <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong>ten impossible to attain in practice. There is a lot <strong>of</strong> obstacles on the road to achieving the goal <strong>of</strong>1) Winner, N., the creator <strong>of</strong> Cybernetics says: Living actively means being always well informed.
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