transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo Savić

INTRODUCTIONTRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 42Waste oil is in use for many years, ever since the thirties of the 20th century when it was organized recycling ofused lubricating oils from motor vehicles. Under the waste oils to include any mineral or synthetic lubricants andindustrial oils which have become unfit for use for its original purpose, such as used oil mechanical and burningexchange, lubricants, turbine oils and hydraulic oils.In the context of this paper the term used oil means any semi-solid or liquid used product consisting wholly orpartially of mineral oil or synthesized hydrocarbons (synthetic oil), oil residues from tanks, oil-water mixtures andemulsions. They derive from industrial sources and neindustrijskih where the use of lubrication, the hydraulictransport or transfer heat as electrical insulators (dielectric) or for other purposes, and whose characteristics havechanged during use and thus become Non-use in purpose they were originally intended.Synthetic oil can cover a wide range of chemicals, but they usually are: synthetic hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon esters,phosphate esters, glycol; chlorine hydrocarbons, silicone oils and others.Synthetic hydrocarbons are similar in composition to those found in the base oil, but were synthesized using achemical process in which the combined basic elements, carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbon reaction products areesters of organic acids and alcohol, and include a wide range of products. Phosphate esters of the products obtainedby reaction of phosphoric acid and alcohol. Esters are used in lubricants and are usually heat stable. Glycol arepolihidroksilovani alcohol, and esters, contain oxygen, and cover a wide range of compounds including ethyleneglycol, which is used to lower the temperature freezing 2 .Management of used oils is particularly important because large amounts of which are globally generated, becauseof their potential for direct reuse, treatment, regeneration and because the improper handling of used oils may causeadverse consequences for the environment. Used lubricants and other oils are an important part of the amount oforganic liquid waste generated worldwide and the terms of the three most important aspects of used oils: the contentof impurities, the energy value and content of hydrocarbons.Used oil contains primarily hydrocarbons. Also, do not contain additives (eg. plumb) and dirt due to physicalcontamination and chemical reactions that occur during its use. Contamination of used oils may originate frommixing with other oily fluids or liquid waste, which can seriously affect the processes of recycling or re-utilization.Reducing the use of additives that contain lead in gasoline is a highly effective way to reduce, over time, lead inused motor oil. This is a very important and effective way to reduce risk in the management of used motor oil,especially when used for burning used oil in order to obtain power with a significant lead emissions into theatmosphere.In order to provide safe handling of waste oils by the Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning, Republic ofSerbia defined the Regulation on management of waste oils, including: collection, transport, storage, treatment andcontrolled disposal of the remains after treatment, reporting, compensation for management, costs, tariffclassifications, transitional and final provisions, and determine measures to prevent and reduce harmful impacts onthe environment and health people 6 .CLASSIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CATEGORIZATION USED WASTE OILWaste oils used are classified catalog of waste disposal is a summary list of the origins of his creation,Regulations on the conditions and manner of classification, packaging and storage of raw materials,Official Gazette 55/01, as follows:• waste lubricant oil to be classified in group 13, 05 01, 12 01, 08 03 19*, 08 04 17*, 19 02 07*, 19 08 10* or 20 01 26* and the dangerous waste, as shown in table 1.