transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo SaviÄ

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UDK:614.878.084TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 194THE USE OF GIS TECHNOLOGY IN MONITORING OF TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUSSUBSTANCESDragoljub Sekulovic, Nenad Dimitrijevic, Ljubomir GigovicMilitary Academy, 33 Pavle Jurisic Šturm Street, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaAbstract: Support to civil authorities and the population in case of natural disasters and catastrophes is the third taskwhich is defined within the basic missions and objectives of the Army of Serbia (AS). For that purpose, theinvolvement of AS is also connected with possible chemical accidents and failures in transport of dangerous goodsand correcting their effects on the population. In this complex area which as an ultimate goal has swift, completeand effective action in preventing and neutralization consequences of contamination of dangerous goods duringtransport, implementation of modern GIS systems and technologies represent an indispensable part. The advantagesof using GIS technology can be identified through: fast and reliable delivery of data on a potential accident siteusing a global positioning system (GPS), rapid assessment of the effects of actions of contaminants, combinatingmathematical models within GIS environments and software packages "HeSPRO” and by informing the subjectsabout the data that are necessary for timely response on all levels and coordination of their actions using the GPRScommunicating system.Key words: GIS, technologies, monitoring, transport, dangerous goodsINTRODUCTIONThe twentieth century was the century of development of chemical industry and energy. The existence of a largenumber of plants for the production of different raw materials and products whose operation is based on the use ofhazardous (highly toxic) chemical substances poses a serious threat to life on a broader geographic space, withunforeseeable consequences. As chemical substances are by their own nature more aggressive compared to a humanand the environment, each of their uncontrolled release can lead to unforeseeable consequences and disasters. Bychemical contamination of air, water and soil the basic resources are threatened and the ecological balance isdisturbed on earth as a whole or any of her parts. The risk of such accidents can be present while working and usingchemical industry facilities, buildings, facilities, equipment, installations and equipment and others. Apart fromthese, a large segment of the risk lies in the possibility that when moving a substance or a group of substances fromone location to another during transport a chemical accident occurs, and therefore lead to uncontrolled emissions oftoxic, flammable or explosive chemical substances. The probability of chemical accidents happening duringtransport of dangerous goods is not small, especially if the obsolescence of technological process in chemicalindustry plants and used up resources for preservation and protection of dangerous goods are taken into account.
TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 195On the other hand, our country is one of the transit countries, and therefore the traffic of dangerous goods isincreased in international road corridors.Chemical accidents occur suddenly and often in unpredictable places, and therefore the speed of action and the wayof engaging work teams is the most important fact in dealing with consequences of the accident. For a quick andeffective repair of consequences, timely and reliable data about the origin of a chemical accident and the assessmentof dynamics and the structure of development of the chemical situation within the region of events are required. Theresults of the assessment of the chemical situation are based on complex models which are implemented within theGIS technologies include many realistic phenomenon which follow the complex process of the creation and thedynamics of the accident. Those models must be supported by specially trained users and high resources ofcomputer technology and information technology. Therefore, relatively simple mathematical models are particularlysuitable, because in the short term they provide an approximate assessment of the chemical situation, on whichcertain measures of protection of the population, material resources and environment and be taken. From the aspectof monitoring transport of dangerous goods, examining the current state (coordination bodies at all levels), theengagement of various fixed and temporary structures, this represents a significant contribution to their moresuccessful engagement and more efficient implementation of set tasks.ASPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF GIS TECHNOLOGIESThere are three main ways in which it is possible to practically use the benefits offered by GIS technology inmonitoring the transport of dangerous goods:1. Monitoring of transport, this is achieved through regular monitoring of movement of vehicles that transporthazardous materials, continuous maintenance of connections, as well as the ability of determinating thecurrent location within a short time interval and a secure delivery of data on a potential accident site.2. Fast and reliable assessments of the effects of effects of contaminants combinating mathematical modelswithin GIS environment, simulating the movement of risk and forming conclusions on how to respondbased on made assessments.3. Increasing the operational and speed of response to the event right through the timely response of subjectsto accidents and the coordination of their actions.For these tasks to be really attainable, it is necessary to take a series of general steps through the formation ofcertain organs and define their tasks and activities:1. Establishment of a control center for monitoring the transport of dangerous goods. This is the basic andnecessary step given the fact that still there is no precisely defined responsibility of state bodies andagencies in responding to the accident, nor the existence of a central body which will be the holder of allactivities. The Center must be adequately equipped with IT and technically-qualified professional body forthe following activities:supervision and monitoring,assessment and analysis of accident,quick response to assess of the effects, andInforming all relevant departments and agencies, then coordination and harmonization of theiractions.2. Defining an adequate network of roads – routes for movement of vehicles that transport hazardous materialsby using the possibilities of GIS in GPRS technology with the support of adequate mathematical modelsand information.3. Developing and implementation of GIS system software package which function is the assessment andforecast of the chemical situation after a chemical accident.4. Production of complex multimedia database on the territory using the possibilities of GIS in itsimplementation in the appropriate GIS software. The database which is at center’s disposal should include:
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ISBN 978-86-83059-06-5Editor-in-Chi
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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODSAND RIS
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EDITORIALLand transport Pan- Europe
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Contents:INTEGRATED MODEL AND INFOR
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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RI
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Figure 3. Algorithm of Security Dat
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Figure 5. Algorithm of Ship Waste M
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Figure 7. Original Algorithm of Imp
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Figure 11. Original Algorithm of th
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Figure 13. Original Algorithm of th
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Figure 15. Original Algorithm of Ot
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Figure 18. The original algorithm o
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Figure 20. Original Algorithm of Ac
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Figure 23. Original Algorithm of In
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Figure 25. Original Algorithm of Ac
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Table 1. Classification of waste th
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Table 3 Classification of waste tha
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Table 3b Classification of waste th
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Table 3d: Classification of waste t
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Table 3f: Classification of waste t
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Table 6 Classes of the compounds th
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Table 6b Classes of the compounds t
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Table 8. Typical hazardous waste ma
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Figure 5.- Life cycle for oiled sol
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Figure 13. Original algorithm of th
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Software part of Sledat systemTRANS
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BIBLIOGRAPHYTRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS
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UDK:614.83:624.21TRANSPORT OF DANGE
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Oil, gas and mineralsTRANSPORT OF D
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CIP - Каталогизација
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