transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo Savić

TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 137In accordance with the defined concept of organizational structure in emergency situations, three levels areobserved: strategic, operative, and tactical. However, organizational operability is a dynamic process, which meansthat authorization may be assigned and revoked both horizontally and vertically. Elements and other factors of thisstructure may be stationary and movable. The stationary elements are mainly a part of the strategic level, while themovable elements are a part of operative and tactical levels.In the direction of establishing the demanded organizational interoperability, the goals are set among which themost important ones are:designing normative and other acts in compliance with laws, actual regulations, and standards (domestic,and international).creating institutional, organizational, and personal conditions for the implementation of managementcriteria in emergency situations.establishing bodies that coordinate the paper of different structures on different levels of organizing, andstrengthening the ability to be mutually cooperative;updating training methods and techniques, and making well trained t performers of all kinds of tasks withinthe process of taking measures and complying to procedures in emergency situations;developing the most efficient ways of responding in emergency situations, as well as developing skills;preventing and reducing the damage sustained in emergency situations to the smallest possible measure;regulating the rights and obligations of all participants in emergency situations;defining the obligations of special purpose structures, and designing scenarios for specific situations;creating conditions for an uninterrupted information flow;designing evacuation plans, taking care of the needy and giving them support;creating conditions for an active international collaboration.The basis of organizational interoperability is the system of management in accordance with the objectives thatstem from the activities in the field of realizing politics and fulfilling the tasks that the management subjects set inthe field of management in emergency situations. It is a permanent process of gathering data, analyzing them,making decisions, assigning tasks and making an insight in the achieved results.A management process that is carried out through five interchanged and interdependent functions is analyzed. Thefunctions are: planning, preparation (organizing), activities (management, implementation), coordination, andcontrol 5 .Technical interoperability for management in emergency situationsTechnical interoperability poses as asset of exceptionally important demands that are met by developing andmaintaining an interface between different systems. Technical architecture is the basis of interoperability betweenthe strategic, tactical, and elementary – basic information and communication systems. It differs by thestandardization of data processing and transmitting, message standardization and user interface and computer on alllevels (man, means, and information-communication system).In the attempt to find optimal technical interoperability, the key mechanisms of this aspect are analyzed: norms,standards, integration, and data exchange, open exchange (open systems implementation options), services(telecommunication and web services), and communication software and information security measures 6 . At thebasis of all these standards there are standards and national infrastructure. By meeting the demands of mentionedmechanisms, the needed level of technical interoperability is achieved. This level should facilitate: quick adjustment to special conditions and demands; to produce available information where and when it is need, and facilitate the timely reception of those and in the right form so that they can be used.