transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo SaviÄ

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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 146Table 1-Parts of vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances 4Type of vehicle →Part of vehicle ↓EX/II EX/III AT FL OXElectrical equipmentWiring Battery master switch Batteries Tachograph Permanently energized circuits Electrical installation at rear of cab Braking equipment Anti-lock breaking system Endurance breaking system Prevention of fire risksVehicle cab (material) Vehicle cab (thermal insulation)Fuel tanks Engine Exhaust system Vehicle endurance braking Combustion heaters Speed limitation device Vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances should also meet special requirements, complying withthe legislation in force 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 and ADR regulations in respect of the braking system, electrical equipment,prevention of fire risks, speed limitation device, coupling device of trailers, side and rear underride guards, marking,necessary equipment and devices.Hazard placards and orange-coloured plates are used to mark the vehicles carrying dangerous goods in the mannerprovided for by ADR.Prior to the transport of dangerous substances and articles containing dangerous substances, it is necessary to obtaintransport-related documentation which is issued by the competent authorities. The documentation has to be valid atthe time of transport, and its validity is checked through controls. The following documents shall be on the cab ofthe vehicle carrying dangerous substances:certificate of approval for vehicles carrying dangerous substance(s) of certain class which is (are) to betransported;driver’s training certificate (drivers have to attend a special training course and pass the exam for drivers oftransport units intended for the carriage of dangerous substances);bills of lading for all dangerous substances being transported;instructions in writing in the event of incident, for each dangerous substance being transported;permits authorising the transport in question.
TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 147In compliance with regulations in force, it is mandatory to inspect motor vehicles and trailers intended for thecarriage of dangerous substances for the purpose of issuing approvals and certificates, which is a proof that thevehicle in question is roadworthy and equipped for carrying a dangerous substance. The methodology of inspectionof vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances is primarily based on the properties of the dangeroussubstance to be transported and legislation in force.During operation, the motor vehicle, as a complex technical system, is under the influence of a number of factorswhich may result in a number of breakdowns. The causes of vehicle malfunctions leading to breakdowns are evenmore numerous. In that respect, it is necessary to analyse how to remove such malfunctions. Vehicle malfunctionsare manifested in different ways. The percentage of the causes of breakdowns is the following: fatigue failure 18%,creep 26%, wearing 40%, temperature-induced breakdown 12%, and other reasons 4%. Generally, breakdowns arepredominantly influenced by design faults, type and quality of the materials used, inadequate technology ofmanufacturing vehicle parts, and operating conditions. Proper and timely maintenance is an important prerequisiteof breakdown delay, quality enhancement and extension of operating life. This is crucial in prevention of disastrousconsequences, notably in case of the vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances.Roadworthiness is an important factor in traffic safety. Only a roadworthy vehicle is safe in traffic, therefore it isone of the main requirements for the registration of vehicles.Technical inspection, as a model of periodical and preventive maintenance of vehicles, is performed withinprescribed periods in a prescribed manner, pursuant to the relevant legislation 1, 3, 7, 8 , but it can be done if the needarises or upon request of the user or competent authority.Technical inspection involves checking soundness of the following systems and subsystems of the vehicle: steeringand brake systems, lighting and light-signalling devices, sound-signalling devices, parts of vehicles enabling clearview, controls and switches, exhaust system, coupling devices, support system, car body, engine, transmission,wheels and tyres, and vehicle equipment. The purpose of technical inspection is to check whether dimensions andmarks comply with manufacturer’s documentation and the type-approval certificate.Vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances, whether complete or completed for that purpose, aresubject to mandatory technical inspection, pursuant to the regulations concerning carriage of dangerous substancesby road 3 . Vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances have to meet all the requirements prescribedfor specific class and category of vehicles, as well as additional requirements under ADR which are directly relatedto the dangerous substance to be transported by that vehicle. Strict observance of all national provisions concerningsuch vehicles as well as all ADR provisions is mandatory 4 .In our country there is an ever-present risk of incidents the cause of which is malfunction of certain parts of motorvehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances. Owners and drivers of such vehicles, the companiesperforming technical inspection and consignors of dangerous substances are all obliged not to engage the vehicleand use it for the carriage of dangerous substances if it is not in good working order. Despite this, breakdowns ofmotor vehicles still occur. The reasons are the following: low level of accountability and competence of the abovementioned parties in the transport of dangerous substances; too long period between regular periodic technicalinspections of motor vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances; presenting false documents provingroadworthiness along with the application for authorisation of transport of the dangerous substance, and similar.The possible solutions may be to intensify inspection control mechanisms, to pass and apply new legislation, and toengage in more substantive cooperation between relevant ministries regarding specific dangerous substances.One of the solutions to the malfunction problem could be a shorter period between regular periodic technicalinspections of motor vehicles intended for the carriage of dangerous substances, which is now six months, asenvisaged by the current Law on Road Traffic Safety (the Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, no 41/2009).
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ISBN 978-86-83059-06-5Editor-in-Chi
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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODSAND RIS
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EDITORIALLand transport Pan- Europe
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Contents:INTEGRATED MODEL AND INFOR
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TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AND RI
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Figure 3. Algorithm of Security Dat
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Figure 5. Algorithm of Ship Waste M
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Figure 7. Original Algorithm of Imp
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Figure 11. Original Algorithm of th
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Figure 13. Original Algorithm of th
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Figure 15. Original Algorithm of Ot
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Figure 18. The original algorithm o
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Figure 20. Original Algorithm of Ac
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Figure 23. Original Algorithm of In
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Figure 25. Original Algorithm of Ac
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Table 1. Classification of waste th
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Table 3 Classification of waste tha
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Table 3b Classification of waste th
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Table 3d: Classification of waste t
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Table 3f: Classification of waste t
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Table 6 Classes of the compounds th
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Table 6b Classes of the compounds t
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Table 8. Typical hazardous waste ma
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Figure 5.- Life cycle for oiled sol
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UDK:355.69614.878.084TRANSPORT OF D
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Oil, gas and mineralsTRANSPORT OF D
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UDK:811.111'25TRANSPORT OF DANGEROU
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CIP - Каталогизација
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transport of dangerous goods and risk management - Kirilo SaviÄ