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djenar-2003-a-students-guide-to-indonesian-grammar-oxford

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'<br />

Ayo, bersihkan mobilm .<br />

Come on, clean car:<br />

Silakan makan kuem!<br />

Please eat t& cake!<br />

* * * . * * * * . ,<br />

" ncl ,<br />

-.-<br />

can be<br />

mtext.<br />

We can also attach -nya to an adjective to make an exclamatory remark<br />

about something. In a sentence, this exclamation usually comes before<br />

the noun or noun phrase that we exclaim about. For example, if we<br />

want to say how beautiful a flower is, then the word 'beautiful' comes<br />

first and 'flower' follows.<br />

Cantikm bunga ini!<br />

Adjective + nyo Noun phrase<br />

How beautiful this flower is!<br />

-<br />

Sulitnya<br />

Adjeaive + nya<br />

How difficult<br />

ujian itu!<br />

Noun phrase<br />

the exam was!<br />

Nakalnya anak ini!<br />

Adjective + nyo Noun phrase<br />

How naughty this child is!<br />

We can, of course, use an exclamation to pay someone a compliment or<br />

to express surprise, exasperation, a sense of wonder and so on. Often<br />

people do not bother to mention the noun phrase because what they are<br />

exclaiming about is understood from context.<br />

Enakm!<br />

How delicious! (for example, referring to food)<br />

Dingin-<br />

So cold! (for example, referring to the weather) -<br />

We can also add another exclamatory word, such as aduh, wah or<br />

ampun, in front of the adjective to give the exclamation more force.<br />

Aduh, petit=!<br />

My goodness, how scunm!<br />

Wah, baum!<br />

Literal?.. Wow, the smell! (for example, referring to fragrant or bad smell)<br />

+ Wow, the smells nice! or Oh, that stinks!<br />

Ampun, nakalw<br />

My goodness, so naughty! (for example, referring to a child's behaviour)<br />

W&<br />

Make up an exclamatory expression using -nya for each of the following<br />

situations. Add an excl&atory word in front of your adjective to<br />

reinforce it. You can mention the noun phrase after the adjective, if you<br />

wish. The adjectives are underlined to help you,<br />

Uses of -np 1 3 7

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