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1 Urging (no subject) AYO habiskap makannya dulu Literally: Come on, let the food be eaten first. + Come on, eat your food first. 2 Offering Mari SaYa bawakan kopernya Literally: Here, the suitcase be carried by me for you. + Here, let me carry the suitcase for you. 3 Advising Sebaiknya tanYa iburnu dulu : Literally: It's better that your mother is asked by you first. 4 It's better that you ask your mother first. (You had better ask your mother first.) -4 To further test how well vou can shift your focus from the doer of the action to the object of that action, conGert the following subject-focus imperatives into object-focus imperatives. Then translate each sentence into English. 1 Parent to a young child: a Ayo, pakai bajunya dulu. b Pakai dong sepatunya. c Ayo, minum susunya. 2 An employee to his or her boss: a Biar saya angkat barangnya. b Maaf Bu, minta tolong tandatangani cek ini. 3 To your close friend: a Tolong dong pinjami saya uang. b Antarkan saya ke dokter besok ya. 4 A teacher to hidher students: a Baca bab 6 untuk minggu depan. b Bantu temanmu yang baru itu. c Ketik tugas itu. p Imperatives I85
LATIHAN 13 Here is an interesting small rubric from the Indonesian newmaner L A Kompas. Find out what it is about. You may need to consult your dictionary for this exercise. Yohanes Surva. Ph. D. i .. Ambil UANG LOGAM, susun seperti gambar. Letakkan GELAS berisi air di atasnya dan PIRING di atas gelas tersebut. Lihat ke aah uang di bawah gelas, i uang lenyap! MENGAPA? i ~asukkan TELUR dalam TOPLES berisi air garam. Telur akan terapung (gambar a). Tuang air tawar ke dalarn toples itu hingga penuh (gambar b). Ternyata telur berada di tengah. - - w Jawab: Menurut fisika, orang bisa melihat benda karena ada sinar dafang dari benda ke mata. Sinar dan uang logam dibiaskan air, Sinar bias ini terhalang oieh piring hingga tidak sampai di mata. Itu sebabnya mata tidak dapat melihat uang tersebut. Menurut fisika. benda dengan massa jenis lebih besar akan tenggelam. Massa jenis telur lebih besar dari massa jenis air tawar tetapi lebih kecil dari massa jenis air garam. Itu sebabnya telur tenggelam di air tawar tetapi tecapung di air garam. 186 A Student's Guide to Indonesian Grammar I
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ahasa indonesia milik widya DEPARTM
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Contents Introduction Acknowledgmen
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- - 14 Ter- 1 4.1 Adjective ter- 14
Page 9 and 10:
Introduction I A Student's Guide to
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Source Acknowledgments The author a
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Question woril: & itu apel? Is that
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MANA Mana is used in questions, usu
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Anda guru, bukan? You are a teacher
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A: Karnu pernah rnakan durian? Have
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1 A: Murid boleh merokok di sekolah
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I . 3 nni's teacher's house In this
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I In this type of-noun phrase, the
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-4 Translate the following more com
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Numbers, Classifiers and Quantity ?
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I wv - LUJ- laLua 50 = h a puluh +
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~iJcewise, we can also &&d@& no&'fi
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1 1 11 TO show quantity, we can use
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When used to say 'the person who(m)
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!. Transitive and i Intransitive Ve
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pulang selesai singgah tahu terbang
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g'$J Mote Some intransitive verbs c
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pasang rnemasang to set up, install
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Mereka ' membaca buku. They read a
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A 5 tierlibur 6 mencuri 7 berbelanj
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Did you knowt The word beruang can
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elanja to shop berbelan ja to shop
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-. lATlHAN 3 Working in pairs, choo
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I In this chqptei we will learn mor
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13 kepit 14 umpat 15 ambil 16 ekor
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To go to where the base word indica
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6 Presiden itu menpinap di hotel bi
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4 The suffix -kan is often attached
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*- 4 Complete each of the following
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3 a membaca (read) b membacakan (re
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Some meN-kan words can be adjective
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Summary MeN-kan words are primarily
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To act in the manner of i bai k bin
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antar to take somethinghomeone some
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erdiam di to live in mendiami to oc
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When term is affixed to adjectives,
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Accidental action: intransitive Ter
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You can also leave out the 'by phra
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terbangun to be woken by something
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........,( Ke-an In grammatical ter
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In this case, the meaning of ke-an
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1 04 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
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Some ke--an words have two meanings
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Words with the peN- prefix are usua
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1 10 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
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3 Pemakan daging 4 Pembuka kaleng 5
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* * * . *.. **** I' Like other affi
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LATIHAH 2 Tkanslate these noun phra
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Summary The majority of words with
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MeN-kan and meN-i Some peN-an nouns
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Other percan nouns Some other per-a
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Subiect-focus and The terms subject
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LATlHAN I Now that you have learnt
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Summary of the rules First or secon
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Object-focus with auxiliary, prepos
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6 Pak Totok menjual buah-buahan di
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' 4 Look at each of the following t
Page 126 and 127: Uses of -nyu In this chapter we wil
Page 128 and 129: I It is sweltering today. What migh
Page 130 and 131: Teman saya jaketm merah. Topic Comm
Page 132 and 133: * * . * * * . * . " ~ Ways to Say '
Page 134 and 135: Tahun lalu terjadi gempa bumi di sa
Page 136 and 137: 2 You could not come. to your frien
Page 138 and 139: - Complete ads rejeki, h i ingin me
Page 140 and 141: To say 'if .. ., then ...', we simp
Page 142 and 143: vords. When and While This chapter
Page 144 and 145: I hile Handy expression To say 'to
Page 146 and 147: J Although and Not ... But In this
Page 148 and 149: P g itu , - 4 Meski cuaca dingin, J
Page 150 and 151: a f L Complete the following senten
Page 152 and 153: The expression (ber)tambah ... (ber
Page 154 and 155: IATIHAN 2 Translate these sentences
Page 156 and 157: -4 Write five sentences using janga
Page 158 and 159: tence. I ...*...*..... Imperatives
Page 160 and 161: ion . Dld IOU Tone of voice has a l
Page 162 and 163: - L Berdirim. Please stand up. Tuli
Page 164 and 165: Hendaklahhendaknya can also be used
Page 166 and 167: ood Minta nasinya a. . Minta nasiny
Page 168 and 169: anya) nature, m for 3s. 1 you UP at
Page 170 and 171: 2 Your mother is going to a your li
Page 172 and 173: Dilarang Literally meaning 'it is p
Page 174 and 175: There are lots of mosquitoes at nig
Page 178 and 179: Summary Imperatives: commands, requ
Page 180 and 181: at aid .t what an unple, I If we pu
Page 182 and 183: Tommy, kamu membolos, ya? (d Report
Page 184 and 185: Sopir bis berkata:'Jangan merokok d
Page 186 and 187: . * * . * * * . * * * , Glossary Th
Page 188 and 189: abstract n o u H + numeral 64 ke-an
Page 190 and 191: I Appendix How do you say it in Ind
Page 192 and 193: (= criminal) jahat bad luck nasib m
Page 194 and 195: - In questions and negatives, no se
Page 196 and 197: (possibly. might) kiranla. barangka
Page 198 and 199: (= to leave behind, abandon) mening
Page 200 and 201: 242 APPENCIX to be out (=not at hom
Page 202 and 203: to set (=place, put) menaruh (= a c
Page 204 and 205: - rig111 on trmr. tepat pada wahtun
Page 206 and 207: to know one's way around Cahu jalan
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