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I In this chqptei we will learn more about me~l words, which can be verbs or adjectives. - We saw in Chapter 9 that meN- verbs can be either transitive [with an object following the verb) or intransitive (with M object following the verb). Mereka membeli Subject Verb They bought Intransitive: Anita menyanyi Subject Verb ' , Anita sang pakaian Object clothes di kamar mandi. Prepositional phmse in the bathroom. di toko murah itu. Prepositional p hrose in that cheap shop. When we affix meN- to a base word, often a sound change occurs; that is, the sound of the initial letter of the base word is changed. If the base , word begins with certain letters, there is no change. The capital letter N in meN- is used to indicate this change. I lihat maki nan ti nganga nyanyi raba yakin warna me- melihat memaki menanti menganga menyanyi meraba meyakinkan mewarnai to see, look to swear to wait to be agape to sing to touch, feel to convince to colour 68 A Student's Guide to Indonesian Grammar
isu fitnah yonis pukul mem- membisu to stay mute memfitnah to slander - . memvonis to sentence memukul to hit dengkur jajah cari tari men- rnendengkur to snore menjajah to colonise mencari to look for menari to dance atur erang ikat o brol ukur garu k hukum kejar setir mew- mengatur to organise mengerang . to moan mengikat to tie mengobrol to chat mengukur to measure menggaruk to scratch rnenghukum to punish mengejar to chase mew menyetir .to drive .at. Initial sounds indicated by an asterisk (*I in the above are dropped - - when prefixed by meN-. - - Form meN- words by applying the above rules to each of the following base words. Then find the meaning in English of each meN- word by consulting your .dictionary. I kira -- 2 masak 3 potong 4 rusak - 5 buka 6 gambar 7 tulis 8 bawa 9 sesal 10 hafal - - -- 11 gapai 12 lotot -- -
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ahasa indonesia milik widya DEPARTM
Page 4 and 5:
Contents Introduction Acknowledgmen
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- - 14 Ter- 1 4.1 Adjective ter- 14
Page 9 and 10: Introduction I A Student's Guide to
Page 11 and 12: Source Acknowledgments The author a
Page 13 and 14: Question woril: & itu apel? Is that
Page 15 and 16: MANA Mana is used in questions, usu
Page 17 and 18: Anda guru, bukan? You are a teacher
Page 19 and 20: A: Karnu pernah rnakan durian? Have
Page 21 and 22: 1 A: Murid boleh merokok di sekolah
Page 24 and 25: I . 3 nni's teacher's house In this
Page 26 and 27: I In this type of-noun phrase, the
Page 28 and 29: -4 Translate the following more com
Page 30 and 31: Numbers, Classifiers and Quantity ?
Page 32 and 33: I wv - LUJ- laLua 50 = h a puluh +
Page 34 and 35: ~iJcewise, we can also &&d@& no&'fi
Page 36 and 37: 1 1 11 TO show quantity, we can use
Page 38 and 39: When used to say 'the person who(m)
Page 40 and 41: !. Transitive and i Intransitive Ve
Page 42 and 43: pulang selesai singgah tahu terbang
Page 44 and 45: g'$J Mote Some intransitive verbs c
Page 46 and 47: pasang rnemasang to set up, install
Page 48 and 49: Mereka ' membaca buku. They read a
Page 50 and 51: A 5 tierlibur 6 mencuri 7 berbelanj
Page 52 and 53: Did you knowt The word beruang can
Page 54 and 55: elanja to shop berbelan ja to shop
Page 56 and 57: -. lATlHAN 3 Working in pairs, choo
Page 60 and 61: 13 kepit 14 umpat 15 ambil 16 ekor
Page 62 and 63: To go to where the base word indica
Page 64 and 65: 6 Presiden itu menpinap di hotel bi
Page 66 and 67: 4 The suffix -kan is often attached
Page 68 and 69: *- 4 Complete each of the following
Page 70 and 71: 3 a membaca (read) b membacakan (re
Page 72 and 73: Some meN-kan words can be adjective
Page 74 and 75: Summary MeN-kan words are primarily
Page 76 and 77: To act in the manner of i bai k bin
Page 78 and 79: antar to take somethinghomeone some
Page 80 and 81: erdiam di to live in mendiami to oc
Page 82 and 83: When term is affixed to adjectives,
Page 84 and 85: Accidental action: intransitive Ter
Page 86 and 87: You can also leave out the 'by phra
Page 88 and 89: terbangun to be woken by something
Page 90 and 91: ........,( Ke-an In grammatical ter
Page 92 and 93: In this case, the meaning of ke-an
Page 94 and 95: 1 04 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
Page 96 and 97: Some ke--an words have two meanings
Page 98 and 99: Words with the peN- prefix are usua
Page 100 and 101: 1 10 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
Page 102 and 103: 3 Pemakan daging 4 Pembuka kaleng 5
Page 104 and 105: * * * . *.. **** I' Like other affi
Page 106 and 107: LATIHAH 2 Tkanslate these noun phra
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Summary The majority of words with
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MeN-kan and meN-i Some peN-an nouns
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Other percan nouns Some other per-a
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Subiect-focus and The terms subject
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LATlHAN I Now that you have learnt
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Summary of the rules First or secon
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Object-focus with auxiliary, prepos
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6 Pak Totok menjual buah-buahan di
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' 4 Look at each of the following t
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Uses of -nyu In this chapter we wil
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I It is sweltering today. What migh
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Teman saya jaketm merah. Topic Comm
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* * . * * * . * . " ~ Ways to Say '
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Tahun lalu terjadi gempa bumi di sa
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2 You could not come. to your frien
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- Complete ads rejeki, h i ingin me
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To say 'if .. ., then ...', we simp
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vords. When and While This chapter
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I hile Handy expression To say 'to
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J Although and Not ... But In this
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P g itu , - 4 Meski cuaca dingin, J
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a f L Complete the following senten
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The expression (ber)tambah ... (ber
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IATIHAN 2 Translate these sentences
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-4 Write five sentences using janga
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tence. I ...*...*..... Imperatives
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ion . Dld IOU Tone of voice has a l
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- L Berdirim. Please stand up. Tuli
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Hendaklahhendaknya can also be used
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ood Minta nasinya a. . Minta nasiny
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anya) nature, m for 3s. 1 you UP at
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2 Your mother is going to a your li
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Dilarang Literally meaning 'it is p
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There are lots of mosquitoes at nig
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1 Urging (no subject) AYO habiskap
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Summary Imperatives: commands, requ
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at aid .t what an unple, I If we pu
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Tommy, kamu membolos, ya? (d Report
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Sopir bis berkata:'Jangan merokok d
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. * * . * * * . * * * , Glossary Th
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abstract n o u H + numeral 64 ke-an
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I Appendix How do you say it in Ind
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(= criminal) jahat bad luck nasib m
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- In questions and negatives, no se
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(possibly. might) kiranla. barangka
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(= to leave behind, abandon) mening
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242 APPENCIX to be out (=not at hom
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to set (=place, put) menaruh (= a c
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- rig111 on trmr. tepat pada wahtun
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to know one's way around Cahu jalan
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