bahasa indonesia

indirect speech A sentence used to report what someone has said using our own words (i.e. not merely
quoting).
interrogative sentence A sentence that expresses a question.
intransitive verb
A verb that does not take an object (e.g. lari 'run', tidur 'sleep'),
modality A word that expresses such concepts as possibility (e.g. barangkali 'maybe'), necessity (e.g.
harus 'must') or ability [e.g. bisa 'can').
negative imperative An imperative form used to tell people not to do something (prohibition).
noun A word referring to either a person or a thing. When the thing cannot be seen or touched, the
noun is called an 'abstract noun'.
noun phrase A group of words in which the noun is the main (head) word [e.g. kamar tidur 'bedroom').
object A noun or noun phrase that occurs directly after a transitive verb in a subject-focus (active)
sentence. If the object refers to an entity affected by the action, it is called 'patient'; if it refers to an
entity that benefits from the action, it is called 'beneficiary' or 'recipient'.
object-focus sentence A sentence constru~tio~ in which the patient/beneficiary/recipient of the action
is mentioned first because it is the focus of our attention.
patient An entity (person or thing) that is the object of a transitive verb and is affected by the action of
the verb (e.g. dia in saya rnemukul dia).
phrase A group of words that function like a noun. A phrase in which the main word is a noun is
called a noun phrase.
firefix
An affix that is put before a base word,
preposition A word that occurs before a noun, noun phrase or pronoun to indicate a location or time
[e.g. di, pada, kepada).
prepositional phrase A phrase that typically consists of a preposition followed by a noun or temporal
phrase (e.g. di nunah 'at home', pada jam 5 'at 5 o'clock').
primary object The object that directly follows the verb in a ditransitive construction.
pronoun A word that can substitute for a noun referring to an entity that is known (e.g, saya '1''
mereka 'they').
reciprocal verb A verb that indicates a mutual action or relationship between two people or objects
(e.g. berpandangan 'look at each other').
secondary object An object that follows the primary object in a ditransitive sentence.
stative verb
A verb that describes a state rather than an action (e.g. terbalik 'upside down, back to
abst
kt
a:
ada,
ada
adj~
-i
. -
front I).
subject
A noun or noun phrase that generally goes before the verb and refers to the 'doer' of an action.
subject-focus sentence A sentence in which the subject gets the focus of our attention and is
mentioned first before the verb.
suffix
tag
An affix that is attached to the end of a base word.
A word that is like a question word and is added at the end of a statement, either to ask a question
or to tell someone about something (e.g. bukan in Itu Hasan, bukan? 'That's Hasan, isn't it?').
topic-comment sentence A sentence in which there is a topic (something the sentence is focused on)
commented upon in'the rest of the sentence.
transitive verb A verb that takes an object and this object directly follows it (e.g. membeli 'buy'). Some
verbs can have both a transitive and intransitive use (e-g. makan 'eat').
verb A word that refers to action (e.g. makan 'to eat') or state (e.g. tertutpp 'shut').