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Summary MeN-kan words are primarily transitive verbs. They can have causative or benefactive meaning. Sometimes the suffix -kan is optional. In very few cases. meN-kan verbs mean the same as their corresponding ber- verbs. Verbs affixed with meN-kan have different meanings than those affixed with member-kan. Some meN-kan words are adjectives as well as verbs.A few meN-kan words are either adjectives or verbs, not both. 84 A Student's Gu~de to Indonesian Grammar
2 ~ 4 Words with the circumfix meKi are transitive verbs. Like other forms of affixation, meN-i gives different meanings when attached to the base word. In this chapter we look at some of these meanings. Unlike meN-kan words, which include transitive verbs and adjectives, meN-i words are only transitive verbs. There are no meN-i adjectives. The main point to remember about meN-i verbs is .that the object that directly follows the verb is conceptualised as a static location; that is, the object does not change location. Some examples later in this chapter will clarify this further. To apply or take off air water mengairi to water (rice field, not garden) gambar picture menggambari to draw a picture on something gula sugar menggulai to sweeten kulit skin menguliti to skin something minyak oil meminyaki to oil obat medication mengobati to treat with medication sisi k scale menyisi ki to scale (for example, fish) tandatangan signature menandatangani to sign wasa colour . mewarnai to colour in
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ahasa indonesia milik widya DEPARTM
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Contents Introduction Acknowledgmen
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- - 14 Ter- 1 4.1 Adjective ter- 14
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Introduction I A Student's Guide to
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Source Acknowledgments The author a
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Question woril: & itu apel? Is that
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MANA Mana is used in questions, usu
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Anda guru, bukan? You are a teacher
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A: Karnu pernah rnakan durian? Have
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1 A: Murid boleh merokok di sekolah
Page 24 and 25: I . 3 nni's teacher's house In this
Page 26 and 27: I In this type of-noun phrase, the
Page 28 and 29: -4 Translate the following more com
Page 30 and 31: Numbers, Classifiers and Quantity ?
Page 32 and 33: I wv - LUJ- laLua 50 = h a puluh +
Page 34 and 35: ~iJcewise, we can also &&d@& no&'fi
Page 36 and 37: 1 1 11 TO show quantity, we can use
Page 38 and 39: When used to say 'the person who(m)
Page 40 and 41: !. Transitive and i Intransitive Ve
Page 42 and 43: pulang selesai singgah tahu terbang
Page 44 and 45: g'$J Mote Some intransitive verbs c
Page 46 and 47: pasang rnemasang to set up, install
Page 48 and 49: Mereka ' membaca buku. They read a
Page 50 and 51: A 5 tierlibur 6 mencuri 7 berbelanj
Page 52 and 53: Did you knowt The word beruang can
Page 54 and 55: elanja to shop berbelan ja to shop
Page 56 and 57: -. lATlHAN 3 Working in pairs, choo
Page 58 and 59: I In this chqptei we will learn mor
Page 60 and 61: 13 kepit 14 umpat 15 ambil 16 ekor
Page 62 and 63: To go to where the base word indica
Page 64 and 65: 6 Presiden itu menpinap di hotel bi
Page 66 and 67: 4 The suffix -kan is often attached
Page 68 and 69: *- 4 Complete each of the following
Page 70 and 71: 3 a membaca (read) b membacakan (re
Page 72 and 73: Some meN-kan words can be adjective
Page 76 and 77: To act in the manner of i bai k bin
Page 78 and 79: antar to take somethinghomeone some
Page 80 and 81: erdiam di to live in mendiami to oc
Page 82 and 83: When term is affixed to adjectives,
Page 84 and 85: Accidental action: intransitive Ter
Page 86 and 87: You can also leave out the 'by phra
Page 88 and 89: terbangun to be woken by something
Page 90 and 91: ........,( Ke-an In grammatical ter
Page 92 and 93: In this case, the meaning of ke-an
Page 94 and 95: 1 04 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
Page 96 and 97: Some ke--an words have two meanings
Page 98 and 99: Words with the peN- prefix are usua
Page 100 and 101: 1 10 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
Page 102 and 103: 3 Pemakan daging 4 Pembuka kaleng 5
Page 104 and 105: * * * . *.. **** I' Like other affi
Page 106 and 107: LATIHAH 2 Tkanslate these noun phra
Page 108 and 109: Summary The majority of words with
Page 110 and 111: MeN-kan and meN-i Some peN-an nouns
Page 112 and 113: Other percan nouns Some other per-a
Page 114 and 115: Subiect-focus and The terms subject
Page 116 and 117: LATlHAN I Now that you have learnt
Page 118 and 119: Summary of the rules First or secon
Page 120 and 121: Object-focus with auxiliary, prepos
Page 122 and 123: 6 Pak Totok menjual buah-buahan di
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' 4 Look at each of the following t
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Uses of -nyu In this chapter we wil
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I It is sweltering today. What migh
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Teman saya jaketm merah. Topic Comm
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* * . * * * . * . " ~ Ways to Say '
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Tahun lalu terjadi gempa bumi di sa
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2 You could not come. to your frien
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- Complete ads rejeki, h i ingin me
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To say 'if .. ., then ...', we simp
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vords. When and While This chapter
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I hile Handy expression To say 'to
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J Although and Not ... But In this
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P g itu , - 4 Meski cuaca dingin, J
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a f L Complete the following senten
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The expression (ber)tambah ... (ber
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IATIHAN 2 Translate these sentences
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-4 Write five sentences using janga
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tence. I ...*...*..... Imperatives
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ion . Dld IOU Tone of voice has a l
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- L Berdirim. Please stand up. Tuli
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Hendaklahhendaknya can also be used
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ood Minta nasinya a. . Minta nasiny
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anya) nature, m for 3s. 1 you UP at
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2 Your mother is going to a your li
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Dilarang Literally meaning 'it is p
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There are lots of mosquitoes at nig
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1 Urging (no subject) AYO habiskap
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Summary Imperatives: commands, requ
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at aid .t what an unple, I If we pu
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Tommy, kamu membolos, ya? (d Report
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Sopir bis berkata:'Jangan merokok d
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. * * . * * * . * * * , Glossary Th
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abstract n o u H + numeral 64 ke-an
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I Appendix How do you say it in Ind
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(= criminal) jahat bad luck nasib m
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- In questions and negatives, no se
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(possibly. might) kiranla. barangka
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(= to leave behind, abandon) mening
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242 APPENCIX to be out (=not at hom
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to set (=place, put) menaruh (= a c
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- rig111 on trmr. tepat pada wahtun
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to know one's way around Cahu jalan
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