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To go to where the base word indicates darat land rnendarat to go to land, to land - - dekat near mendekat to move close jau h far menjauh to move away seberang across menyeberang to go to the other side, to cross cicit squeak mencicit to squeak (for example, mice) dengkur snore mendengkur to snore embik bleat mengembik to bleat eong miaow mengeong to miaow gonggong bark menggonggong to bark keluh sigh mengeluh to sigh, complain raung roar, wail meraung, to roar, wail ringkik neigh meringki k to neigh To become what the base word indicates bengkak swollen membengkak to swell busuk rotten membusuk to rot,go off (for example, food) cair liquid mencair to melt kering dry mengering to dry up kuning yellow menguning to become yellow + ripen (for example, rice plants) putih tebal white thick memutih to become white greying (for example, hair) menebal to thicken tipis thin menipis to thin out Some words having this meaning can also be used in a metaphorical sense. 72 A Student's Guide to Indonesian Grammar I
uncing pointy meruncing to become pointy 4 become heated or acute (for example, conflict or argument) Interestingly, some meN- words are adjectives rather than verbs. For example, the following meN- words mean 'in the shape indicated by the base word'. lingkar circle melingkar curled panjang long memanjang lengthwise, elongated Another example is the word menarik, which comes from the verb tarik (pull). The meaning of the adjective menarik is derived from the metaphorical sense of 'pull'; something that pulls or attracts your ' attention is something interesting or attractive. menarik (verb) menarik (adjective) -- to pull interesting, attractive In very few cases, meN- verbs mean the same as their corresponding ber- verbs. membekas berbekas to leave a mark or trace men yanyi bernyanyi to sing I Indicate whether the following sentences are transitive or intransitke. danau lake The verbs to which you should pay attention are underlined. darah blood 1 Polisi memboreol tangan pencuri itu. dinding wall 2 Bibi saya menneluh tentang suaminya setiap hari. mendapatkan to get, 3 Anjing tetangga saya selalu menmonaeong pada malam hari. obtain 4 Kami membantu memarut kelapa di dapur. tetangga neighbour 5 Pada musim panas danau itu mengering.
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ahasa indonesia milik widya DEPARTM
Page 4 and 5:
Contents Introduction Acknowledgmen
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- - 14 Ter- 1 4.1 Adjective ter- 14
Page 9 and 10:
Introduction I A Student's Guide to
Page 11 and 12: Source Acknowledgments The author a
Page 13 and 14: Question woril: & itu apel? Is that
Page 15 and 16: MANA Mana is used in questions, usu
Page 17 and 18: Anda guru, bukan? You are a teacher
Page 19 and 20: A: Karnu pernah rnakan durian? Have
Page 21 and 22: 1 A: Murid boleh merokok di sekolah
Page 24 and 25: I . 3 nni's teacher's house In this
Page 26 and 27: I In this type of-noun phrase, the
Page 28 and 29: -4 Translate the following more com
Page 30 and 31: Numbers, Classifiers and Quantity ?
Page 32 and 33: I wv - LUJ- laLua 50 = h a puluh +
Page 34 and 35: ~iJcewise, we can also &&d@& no&'fi
Page 36 and 37: 1 1 11 TO show quantity, we can use
Page 38 and 39: When used to say 'the person who(m)
Page 40 and 41: !. Transitive and i Intransitive Ve
Page 42 and 43: pulang selesai singgah tahu terbang
Page 44 and 45: g'$J Mote Some intransitive verbs c
Page 46 and 47: pasang rnemasang to set up, install
Page 48 and 49: Mereka ' membaca buku. They read a
Page 50 and 51: A 5 tierlibur 6 mencuri 7 berbelanj
Page 52 and 53: Did you knowt The word beruang can
Page 54 and 55: elanja to shop berbelan ja to shop
Page 56 and 57: -. lATlHAN 3 Working in pairs, choo
Page 58 and 59: I In this chqptei we will learn mor
Page 60 and 61: 13 kepit 14 umpat 15 ambil 16 ekor
Page 64 and 65: 6 Presiden itu menpinap di hotel bi
Page 66 and 67: 4 The suffix -kan is often attached
Page 68 and 69: *- 4 Complete each of the following
Page 70 and 71: 3 a membaca (read) b membacakan (re
Page 72 and 73: Some meN-kan words can be adjective
Page 74 and 75: Summary MeN-kan words are primarily
Page 76 and 77: To act in the manner of i bai k bin
Page 78 and 79: antar to take somethinghomeone some
Page 80 and 81: erdiam di to live in mendiami to oc
Page 82 and 83: When term is affixed to adjectives,
Page 84 and 85: Accidental action: intransitive Ter
Page 86 and 87: You can also leave out the 'by phra
Page 88 and 89: terbangun to be woken by something
Page 90 and 91: ........,( Ke-an In grammatical ter
Page 92 and 93: In this case, the meaning of ke-an
Page 94 and 95: 1 04 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
Page 96 and 97: Some ke--an words have two meanings
Page 98 and 99: Words with the peN- prefix are usua
Page 100 and 101: 1 10 A Student's Guide to Indonesia
Page 102 and 103: 3 Pemakan daging 4 Pembuka kaleng 5
Page 104 and 105: * * * . *.. **** I' Like other affi
Page 106 and 107: LATIHAH 2 Tkanslate these noun phra
Page 108 and 109: Summary The majority of words with
Page 110 and 111: MeN-kan and meN-i Some peN-an nouns
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Other percan nouns Some other per-a
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Subiect-focus and The terms subject
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LATlHAN I Now that you have learnt
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Summary of the rules First or secon
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Object-focus with auxiliary, prepos
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6 Pak Totok menjual buah-buahan di
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' 4 Look at each of the following t
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Uses of -nyu In this chapter we wil
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I It is sweltering today. What migh
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Teman saya jaketm merah. Topic Comm
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* * . * * * . * . " ~ Ways to Say '
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Tahun lalu terjadi gempa bumi di sa
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2 You could not come. to your frien
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- Complete ads rejeki, h i ingin me
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To say 'if .. ., then ...', we simp
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vords. When and While This chapter
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I hile Handy expression To say 'to
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J Although and Not ... But In this
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P g itu , - 4 Meski cuaca dingin, J
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a f L Complete the following senten
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The expression (ber)tambah ... (ber
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IATIHAN 2 Translate these sentences
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-4 Write five sentences using janga
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tence. I ...*...*..... Imperatives
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ion . Dld IOU Tone of voice has a l
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- L Berdirim. Please stand up. Tuli
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Hendaklahhendaknya can also be used
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ood Minta nasinya a. . Minta nasiny
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anya) nature, m for 3s. 1 you UP at
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2 Your mother is going to a your li
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Dilarang Literally meaning 'it is p
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There are lots of mosquitoes at nig
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1 Urging (no subject) AYO habiskap
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Summary Imperatives: commands, requ
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at aid .t what an unple, I If we pu
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Tommy, kamu membolos, ya? (d Report
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Sopir bis berkata:'Jangan merokok d
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. * * . * * * . * * * , Glossary Th
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abstract n o u H + numeral 64 ke-an
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I Appendix How do you say it in Ind
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(= criminal) jahat bad luck nasib m
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- In questions and negatives, no se
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(possibly. might) kiranla. barangka
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(= to leave behind, abandon) mening
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242 APPENCIX to be out (=not at hom
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to set (=place, put) menaruh (= a c
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- rig111 on trmr. tepat pada wahtun
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to know one's way around Cahu jalan
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