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djenar-2003-a-students-guide-to-indonesian-grammar-oxford

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lit<br />

pi:<br />

I.:<br />

similarly, the mother telling her daughter to eat could say instead:<br />

Ayo, makan.<br />

Come on, eat.<br />

Ya literally means 'yes'. When used in commands, it is similar to the<br />

'won't you/will you' tag that is used in English. It is usually placed at<br />

the end of the sentence.<br />

Tidur m.<br />

Go to sleep, won't you?<br />

Makan m.<br />

Eat, won't YOU?<br />

ri-<br />

.9<br />

-t<br />

C<br />

'<br />

. -': ,>,y..<br />

F~t!.il.<br />

Because ya can make a codqnd ;a we SOB %W is.lesq-suitable far<br />

sit&itions that demand formalitJ;. . %p abiijj4,:8:.8ynyuc@$,:giGii:n by a<br />

mother to her child, certainly do hdt jiyjp: .Do, :, what I. say riglit<br />

nbw', but rather something - 1ike"lt WOU~ be good if you did this<br />

7<br />

. .,.<br />

nbM.<br />

h transitive sentences, ya ctln .be pliied :tdthS after the verb, to<br />

emphasise the action, or at t&e end, which'-then puts the focus on<br />

the whole command.<br />

Lipat baju ini.<br />

Lipat baju ini m.<br />

Fold this shirt, won't you?<br />

Makan obatnya.<br />

Makan obatnya E.<br />

Take the medication, won't vou?<br />

....................................................................................<br />

DONG<br />

Dong is more informal than ayo and ya and, when used in commands,<br />

also roughly translates into English as 'won't you' or 'will you', Like ya,<br />

dong can be placed either after the verb, to emphasise the action, or at<br />

the end of the command, to emphasise the whole command.<br />

P<br />

pent<br />

I<br />

Be careful!<br />

Because dong is informal, it is not an expression that we would<br />

use in situatio~is that require us to observe formality, such as in<br />

ceremonial situations, public announcements or when speaking to<br />

strangers in the street or to guests. For example, one would not<br />

normally say to a priest.: Berkati saya dong ['Please bless me') or to<br />

the guests at a formal function: Duduk dong ('Please sit down'].<br />

Dong is most appropriate when used among close friends and

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