Who Needs Emotions? The Brain Meets the Robot

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Contents Contributors xiii PART I: PERSPECTIVES 1 “Edison” and “Russell”: Definitions versus Inventions in the Analysis of Emotion 3 Jean-Marc Fellous and Michael A. Arbib 2 Could a Robot Have Emotions? Theoretical Perspectives from Social Cognitive Neuroscience 9 Ralph Adolphs PART II: BRAINS preface xi 3 Neurochemical Networks Encoding Emotion and Motivation: An Evolutionary Perspective 29 Ann E. Kelley 4 Toward Basic Principles for Emotional Processing: What the Fearful Brain Tells the Robot 79 Jean-Marc Fellous and Joseph E. Ledoux 5 What Are Emotions, Why Do We Have Emotions, and What Is Their Computational Basis in the Brain? 117 Edmund T. Rolls 6 How Do We Decipher Others’ Minds? Marc Jeannerod 147
xii contents PART III: ROBOTS 7 Affect and Proto-Affect in Effective Functioning 173 Andrew Ortony, Donald A. Norman, and William Revelle 8 The Architectural Basis of Affective States and Processes 203 Aaron Sloman, Ron Chrisley, and Matthias Scheutz 9 Moving Up the Food Chain: Motivation and Emotion in Behavior-Based Robots 245 Ronald C. Arkin 10 Robot Emotion: A Functional Perspective Cynthia Breazeal and Rodney Brooks 271 11 The Role of Emotions in Multiagent Teamwork Ranjit Nair, Milind Tambe, and Stacy Marsella 311 PART IV: CONCLUSIONS 12 Beware the Passionate Robot Michael A. Arbib 333 Index 385
Page 1 and 2: TLFeBOOK Who Needs Emotions? The Br
Page 3 and 4: The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental
Page 5 and 6: 3 Oxford University Press, Inc., pu
Page 7 and 8: vi preface want their computer prog
Page 9 and 10: viii preface is required because th
Page 11: x preface prefer to read Part III b
Page 15 and 16: xiv contributors Jean-Marc Fellous
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Page 21 and 22: 4 perspectives RUSSELL: I confess t
Page 23 and 24: 6 perspectives EDISON: Tinkering! Y
Page 27 and 28: 10 perspectives HOW COULD WE TELL I
Page 29 and 30: 12 perspectives This, of course, ra
Page 31 and 32: 14 perspectives of a stimulus (e.g.
Page 33 and 34: 16 perspectives an emotion is neith
Page 35 and 36: 18 perspectives cognitive processes
Page 37 and 38: 20 perspectives that they visually
Page 39 and 40: 22 perspectives A self-model that c
Page 41 and 42: 24 perspectives Brothers, L. (1997)
Page 47 and 48: 30 brains specificity and flexibili
Page 49 and 50: 32 brains It is useful to begin wit
Page 51 and 52: 34 brains the readout of that syste
Page 53 and 54: 36 brains A. 5 NH 4Cl Bacteria in c
Page 55 and 56: 38 brains Although instinctual beha
Page 57 and 58: 40 brains Motivated behavior requir
Page 59 and 60: 42 brains emerged through decades o
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46 brains voluntary control of acti
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48 brains A. Total cerebral input t
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50 brains sensory neurons, interneu
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52 brains functions. Niall (1982) n
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54 brains motivation arousal necess
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56 brains serotonergic system is pr
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58 brains as tree jumping (Doudet e
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60 brains then have a system that a
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62 brains heroin and other opiates,
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64 brains benefits that also presen
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66 brains and brain neurotransmitte
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68 brains Cardinaud, B., Gilbert, J
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70 brains Hess, W. R. (1957). The f
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72 brains MacLean, P. D. (1990). Th
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74 brains Pfaus, J. G., Damsma, G.,
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76 brains trained monkeys: Agonist
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80 brains We conclude by discussing
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82 brains to prove, theoretical dis
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84 brains is a mammalian specializa
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86 brains processing circuits to se
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88 brains amygdala) and the control
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90 brains comparison of the amygdal
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92 brains Is the Amygdala Necessary
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94 brains the amygdala to determine
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96 brains The medial prefrontal cor
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98 brains Many questions remain to
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100 brains by the amygdala might be
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102 brains United States, pair up w
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104 brains networks that participat
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106 brains Note Portions of this ch
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108 brains Davidson, R. J., & Irwin
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110 brains mediate emotional respon
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112 brains Salinas, J. A. (1995). I
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114 brains and thalamo-cortico-amyg
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118 brains and flexible in the orbi
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120 brains Pleasure Rage Anger Frus
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122 brains of the eliciting stimulu
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124 brains or a right turn to obtai
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126 brains cortex and basal ganglia
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128 brains tex of recent (episodic)
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130 brains the right value in the c
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132 brains by the process of condit
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134 brains memories to be held in p
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136 brains However, it may be expec
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138 brains Figure 5.4. Some of the
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140 brains acting through the ventr
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142 brains (cutting white matter) w
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144 brains References Alexander, R.
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146 brains Rolls, E. T. (1999a). Th
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148 brains directed to us or when t
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150 brains Specific methods, partly
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152 brains Movements performed by l
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154 brains processing of invariant
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156 brains more about them, their r
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158 brains see Zajonc, 1985), the i
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160 brains The question now arises
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162 brains situations where they ha
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164 brains Estimation of social con
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166 brains Davies, M., & Stone, T.
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168 brains Lhermitte, F. (1983). Ut
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174 robots perform unanticipated ta
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176 Table 7.1. Principal Organism F
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178 robots and cognitive domains. A
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180 robots that they are better tho
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182 robots irregularities or discon
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184 robots 3. A (positive) feeling
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186 robots We consider the well-est
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188 robots disturbed by the approac
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190 robots processing. We view para
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192 robots independent, a value on
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194 robots Implications of the Proc
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196 robots current affective state
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198 robots primitive fear at the ro
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200 robots Gray, J. A. (1990). Brai
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202 robots cesses underlying approa
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204 robots case of CogAff, conjectu
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206 robots some cases and in other
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208 robots DIRECT AND MEDIATED CONT
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210 robots Toward a Useful Ontology
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212 robots different varieties of m
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214 robots Primitive sensors provid
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216 robots Being in a state P of a
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218 robots terms of the ability to
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220 robots Varieties of Affective S
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222 robots Central Perception Actio
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224 robots control, where all the l
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226 robots layer (e.g., observing p
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228 robots are sometimes unclear, i
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230 robots for such a fast-acting s
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232 robots from mental processes ot
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234 robots The majority view in thi
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236 robots Will it be a long-term f
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238 robots or implicitly adopted de
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240 robots some undesirable emotion
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242 robots References Albus, J. S.,
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244 robots Sloman, A. (2001b). Evol
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246 robots state variables such as
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248 robots In order to make robots
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250 robots motivational state also
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252 robots Prey acquisition: This b
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254 robots Figure 9.3. Top photos:
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256 robots especially when young. E
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258 robots Object of Attachment Saf
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260 robots Mean distance to attachm
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262 robots 2003), but the intent is
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264 robots Affective State Emotion
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266 robots Motivational/emotional m
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268 robots Brooks, R. (1986). A rob
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272 robots responsible for perceivi
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274 robots species considered to be
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276 robots This endeavor does not i
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278 robots For example, the person
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280 robots mental states (i.e., int
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282 robots Expression of Affective
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284 robots Negative valence High ar
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286 robots and emotion-related proc
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288 robots For instance, the visual
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290 robots Undesired stimulus Rejec
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292 robots intensity: seek or acqui
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294 robots Table 10.2. Summary of t
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296 robots it up (Breazeal, 2002b).
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298 robots pitch, f o (kHz) pitch,
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300 robots Table 10.3. Overall Clas
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302 robots Each emotion gateway pro
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304 robots Biasing Attention Kismet
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306 robots be to vocalize to the pe
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308 robots References Ackerman, B.,
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310 robots Center for the Study of
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312 robots When team members align
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314 robots effects that the agent h
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316 robots double arrow), which imp
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318 robots that of “robot as avat
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320 robots terms of specific apprai
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322 robots their own self-survival
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324 robots explicit, intended commu
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326 robots Although, the emotion
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328 robots planning. In Proceedings
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334 conclusions handout and pleased
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336 conclusions emotion. How can we
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338 conclusions Presumably, the fac
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340 conclusions Absence of N and N
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342 conclusions Thus, evolution yie
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344 conclusions different from such
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346 conclusions approach to the soc
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348 conclusions at the much higher
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350 conclusions mediated by distrib
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352 conclusions to the prefrontal c
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354 conclusions pathway of much mor
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356 conclusions The Motivated Toad
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358 conclusions explicitly formal r
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360 conclusions directly and by pro
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362 conclusions striatum pallidum d
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364 conclusions (A) Auditory stimul
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366 conclusions from the primary ta
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368 conclusions by an interest in u
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370 conclusions he sees as the stat
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372 conclusions to detect possible
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374 conclusions much of my behavior
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376 conclusions Consider a robot th
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378 conclusions 3. As already noted
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380 conclusions Fellous, J.-M., & S
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382 conclusions Localization of gra
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386 index amygdala back projection,
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388 index cognition (continued) evo
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390 index emotion research (continu
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392 index fear conditioning (contin
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394 index limbic system theory, 80-
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396 index prefrontal cortex and the
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398 index schema theory and Jackson
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Who Needs Emotions? The Brain Meets the Robot

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