Who Needs Emotions? The Brain Meets the Robot

398 index
schema theory
and Jacksonian analysis, 344
perceptual, 356
and the praying mantis model, 251
in vision, 349
schizophrenia, 160–65
scientific reductionism, 335
second route. See explicit route (dual route theory)
seeking, 16
self
awareness of, 148
model, 21–23
and schizophrenia, 160–62
and shared representations, 158–59
in simulation theory, 163
self-deception, 135
semantic content, 214
sensors, 214. See also fact-sensors; need-sensors
sensory systems
diagram, 137
inputs, 43–44, 48, 88, 140
and valence, 137
separation distress, 367
septo-hippocampal circuits, 86
septum, 40–41, 41
serotonin
and aggression and depression, 30–31, 56–58
and arthropods, 31
and drug addiction, 64
in evolution, 55–56
in mammals and insects, 50, 51
and motivation/emotion systems, 56–58
and neuromodulation, 367
and social behavior, 57
sex, 103, 252
shame, 14, 20
shared representations, 158–59, 163, 164
Shell for TEAMwork (STEAM), 318
short-term memory. See working memory
simulated human teams (AI), 313
simulation theory. See also mirror system
and conscious experience, 97–98
and covert actions, 149
and empathy, 155
experiments in, 157–58
in humans, 19–20
and “mind reading,” 149, 156
monkey studies, 19–20
and the self, 163
and solipsism, 149–51
and vision, 157
SOAR (cognitive model), 193, 224
Sociable Robots Project, 280–81
social behavior
and amygdala, 93
communication, 18–21
and emotions, 23
robots, 10
and serotonin, 57
social knowledge, 18
solipsism, 149–51
somatic image, 14
somatosensory system. diagram, 137
Sony corporation, 258, 262
sorrow, 295–96
sowbugs, 245, 248–51
specialists, in Kismet robot, 286
special-purpose motor pattern generators, 357
special purpose systems, 32
spinal cord, 91
spinothalamic tract, 90, 91
spreading activation, in Kismet robot, 286
S-RETIC, 375, 376
stance tag, 282, 300
startle responses, 12, 87
state dependence, 340, 341
STEAM (Shell for TEAMwork), 318
stimuli
approach/withdrawal, 132–33
evaluation checks, 16
and hysteresis, 132
proactive/reactive responses, 15–16
and reinforcement history, 131–32
reward value factors, 131–32
role in consciousness, 98
seeking novelty, 130
and Tolman’s sowbug, 248
and value, 131–32
value of. See value of stimulus
vision as, 251
stimulus-reinforcer association learning. See learning
stress
and coping behavior, 319, 321
and opioids, 58–59, 60, 367
and oxytocin, 103
PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder), 93
and social interaction, 103
stress hormones
as bodily feedback, 100
and fear, 86
and fear conditioning, 87
and fearful behavior, 364
and hypothalamus, 91
striatum
and dual route theory, 125
effects of amphetamines, 139–40
in emotional processing, 17
and the reptilian brain, 44
subjective states, 81–82
suffocation, 32
superego, and dual route theory, 136
superior colliculus
role in vision, 346, 348, 350
role of in locomotion, 43
superior temporal sulcus (STS), 153–54, 352
surprise, 16, 126, 296
survival, 22. See also evolution, of brain
mechanisms
syntax, 118, 133–34, 369
T5 neurons, 356
TAME model, 263–65, 264