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Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp - SBU

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Table 4.5.5 Studies comparing different antibiotics and durations.<br />

Open fractures<br />

Author<br />

Year<br />

Reference<br />

Country<br />

Study design<br />

Population<br />

characteristics<br />

Intervention/<br />

Method (I)<br />

Control (C) Results Withdrawal<br />

Drop outs<br />

Study quality<br />

and relevance<br />

Comments<br />

Alpar<br />

1988<br />

[49]<br />

United<br />

Kingdom<br />

RCT, open<br />

Open fractures<br />

all grades<br />

Excluded: On ab,<br />

diabetes<br />

I: Flucloxacillin 250 mg<br />

im x 4 for max 10 days.<br />

Switched to oral when<br />

appropriate (n=30)<br />

C: Cefradine 1 g im<br />

x 4 for max 10 days.<br />

Switched to oral<br />

500 mg x 2 when<br />

appropriate (n=30)<br />

Infection<br />

I: 2/30 (1 gas<br />

gangrene, 1 osteomyelitis)<br />

(7%)<br />

C: 0/30 (0%)<br />

ns<br />

No data<br />

Moderate<br />

Low power. Low dose<br />

flucloxacillin. Infection<br />

not defined, time for<br />

follow-up not defined<br />

Carsenti-<br />

Etesse<br />

1999<br />

[20]<br />

France<br />

RCT, double<br />

blind, multicenter.<br />

Power<br />

calculation<br />

included<br />

Open tibia fractures<br />

grade I–II<br />

Ecluded: Joints,<br />

>12 h old<br />

Follow-up within<br />

3 months<br />

I: Pefloxacin 800 mg<br />

single dose.<br />

All patients received<br />

in addition to study<br />

medication penicillin<br />

G or metronidazole<br />

iv for 2 days (n=316)<br />

C: Cefazolin iv<br />

1 g x 4 for 2 days<br />

followed by oxacillin<br />

1 g x 3 for<br />

3 days. All patients<br />

received in addition<br />

to study medication<br />

penicillin G or metronidazole<br />

iv<br />

for 2 days (n=300)<br />

Wound infection<br />

I: 21/316 (6.6%)<br />

C: 24/300 (8%)<br />

ns<br />

Not reported<br />

Moderate<br />

High quality study<br />

technically but not<br />

ideal choice of comparators<br />

Dellinger<br />

1988<br />

[21]<br />

USA<br />

RCT, double<br />

blind multicenter<br />

Open fractures arm<br />

or leg stratified by<br />

grade<br />

Excluded: >6 h, ab<br />

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