Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp - SBU

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Table 4.13.9 Low study quality and relevance. Author Year Reference Country Study design Population characteristics Comments Bhathena 1998 [38] India RCT Surgery of head and neck cancer with major flap reconstruction (n=50) Short and long term prophylaxis but comparing different antibiotics. Few pts Gerard 1988 [35] Belgium RCT Head and neck cancer undergoing extensive surgery with or without radical neck dissection (n=113) No blinding, randomisation not described Mustafa 1993 [36] Turkey RCT Major non-contaminated head and neck surgery. 23 female, 37 male (n=60) No blinding, drop outs not described Phan 1992 [37] Belgium RCT Stage II–IV head and neck cancer selected for extensive surgery with or without radical neck dissection and flap reconstruction. 14 female, 71 male (n=99) Randomisation described decreased efficacy of prophylaxis mainly due to longer duration and more extensive surgery Pirsig 1988 [29] Germany RCT Pts undergoing revisionrhinosurgery, in 75 cases free transplants were performed n=100 (29 female, 71 male) Mean age: 31 years Nasal packing with ointment containing oxitetracyklin and polymyxin B total 12% mild infections and 6% severe infections Saginur 1988 [39] Canada RCT Major head and neck cancer surgery involving transection of both a mucous membrane and the skin (n=25) Placebo-controlled, double blind, randomised. Stopped at 20 pts for ethical reasons Yoder 1992 [28] USA Cohort study Pts undergoing septal surgery, including septorhinoplasty of the nose 1984–1989 (n=1 040) Low infection rate for nasal surgery n = Number of patients; pts = Patients; RCT = Randomised controlled trial 520 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp
Referenser 1. Dhiwakar M, W.A. C, Supriya M, W.S. M. Antibiotics to reduce posttonsillectomy morbidity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; 2008. 2. Becker GD, Parell GJ. Cefazolin prophylaxis in head and neck cancer surgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1979;88:183-6. 3. Dor P, Klastersky J. Prophylactic antibiotics in oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal surgery for cancer: (a double-blind study). Laryngoscope 1973;83:1992-8. 4. Johnson JT, Yu VL, Myers EN, Muder RR, Thearle PB, Diven WF. Efficacy of two third-generation cephalosporins in prophylaxis for head and neck surgery. Arch Otolaryngol 1984;110:224-7. 5. Brand B, Johnson JT, Myers EN, Thearle PB, Sigler BA. Prophylactic perioperative antibiotics in contaminated head and neck surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1982;90:315-8. 6. Carroll WR, Rosenstiel D, Fix JR, de la Torre J, Solomon JS, Brodish B, et al. Three-dose vs extended-course clindamycin prophylaxis for free-flap reconstruction of the head and neck. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;129:771-4. 7. Liu SA, Tung KC, Shiao JY, Chiu YT. Preliminary report of associated factors in wound infection after major head and neck neoplasm operations – does the duration of prophylactic antibiotic matter J Laryngol Otol 2008;122:403-8. 8. Righi M, Manfredi R, Farneti G, Pasquini E, Cenacchi V. Short-term versus long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis in oncologic head and neck surgery. Head Neck 1996;18:399-404. 9. Johnson JT, Myers EN, Thearle PB, Sigler BA, Schramm VL, Jr. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for contaminated head and neck surgery. Laryngoscope 1984; 94:46-51. 10. Robbins KT, Byers RM, Cole R, Fainstein V, Guillamondegui OM, Schantz SP, et al. Wound prophylaxis with metronidazole in head and neck surgical oncology. Laryngoscope 1988; 98:803-6. 11. Rodrigo JP, Alvarez JC, Gomez JR, Suarez C, Fernandez JA, Martinez JA. Comparison of three prophylactic antibiotic regimens in clean-contaminated head and neck surgery. Head Neck 1997; 19:188-93. 12. Swanson D, Maxwell RA, Johnson JT, Wagner RL, Yu VL. Cefonicid versus clindamycin prophylaxis for head and neck surgery in a randomized, doubleblind trial, with pharmacokinetic implications. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991;35:1360-4. 13. Johnson JT, Wagner RL. Infection following uncontaminated head and neck surgery. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987;113:368-9. 14. Murdoch DA, Telfer MR, Irvine GH. Audit of antibiotic policy and wound infection in neck surgery. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1993;38:167-9. 15. Weber RS, Callender DL. Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean-contaminated head KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litteraturöversikten 521
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Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska
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Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska
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3. Antibiotikaprofylax - praxis 57
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Har antibiotikaimpregnerade grafter
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Resultat av litteratursökningen oc
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4.11 Sluten inläggning av thoraxdr
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5. Infektionsprofylax utan antibiot
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SBU:s sammanfattning och slutsatser
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Bakgrund och syfte Antibiotika i pr
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arhet. Kvalitetsgranskningen av de
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Det vetenskapliga underlaget saknas
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tagning av livmoder (måttligt star
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Bröstcancerkirurgi • Vid bröstc
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sårinfektion, empyem (varansamling
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• Antibiotikaprofylax vid öppen
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Infektiös endokardit Infektiös en
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• Endovaskulära ingrepp, speciel
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1.2 Avgränsningar Projektet omfatt
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Tabell 1.1 Effektmått förutom pos
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Tabell 1.2 fortsättning Antal bakt
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Proteinbindning Många antibiotika
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Till allmänna faktorer räknas ock
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2. Metodik för systematisk littera
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Figur 2.1 Granskningsprocessen. Fas
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Evidensstyrkan graderades i fyra ni
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3. Antibiotikaprofylax - praxis KAP
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3.1 Praxisundersökning om användn
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100 90 80 70 Procent Ja-svar 60 50
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De 37 kliniker som uppgav att de re
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Urologi Samtliga 13 kliniker som be
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Tabell 3.1.2 Finns skriftliga anvis
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72 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgis
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esistens). STRAMA-gruppen har delat
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Tabell 3.2.2 fortsättning Preparat
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Tabell 3.2.2 fortsättning Preparat
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4. Den systematiska litteraturöver
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4.1 Antibiotikaprofylax vid gastroi
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• Blindtarmsinflammation: Antibio
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Frågeställningar • Vilken typ a
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Weber och medarbetare publicerade 2
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Accidentell perforation under opera
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Ventrikelkirurgi (Tabell 4.1.10) Ba
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Det finns idag inga RCT av antibiot
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Table 4.1.3 Timing. Author Year Ref
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Table 4.1.4 continued Author Year R
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Table 4.1.6 ERCP. Author Year Refer
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Table 4.1.9 Oesophagus. Author Year
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Table 4.1.10 continued Author Year
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Table 4.1.12 Hernia repair. Author
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Table 4.1.13 Appendectomy. Author Y
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Referenser 1. Bai Y, Gao F, Gao J,
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laxis during elective upper gastroi
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57. Sanchez-Manuel FJ, Lozano Garci
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152 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgi
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• De flesta studier har jämfört
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Frågeställningar • Vilken antib
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(RR = 0,41; 95 procent KI = 0,23-0,
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Diskussion Idag använder 67 procen
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Table 4.2.2 Elective colorectal sur
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Table 4.2.3 Elective colorectal sur
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mycin as antibiotic prophylaxis in
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Bakgrund Infektioner hos patienter
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Beskrivning av studier och resultat
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Table 4.3.2 Vascular surgery. Autho
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Table 4.3.3 Low study quality and r
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Referenser 1. Christenson JT, Eklof
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a randomized, prospective trial. So
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Elektivt sectio (generellt) • Ant
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Transcervikala intrauterina ingrepp
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Vid bakteriell vaginos som kan vara
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endometrit (1 procent vs 5 procent)
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[4]. Inga av de förhållandevis f
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frekvens av infektioner efter profy
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Det finns inga data som visar att f
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Sterilisering I en stor studie frå
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Table 4.4.2 Caesarean section, anti
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Table 4.4.3 Caesarean section, comp
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Table 4.4.5 Caesarean section, mult
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Table 4.4.8 Hysterectomy, antibioti
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Table 4.4.10 Hysterectomy, duration
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Table 4.4.14 Intrauterine contracep
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15. Sullivan SA, Smith T, Chang E,
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hysterectomy. Clin Infect Dis 1995;
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urethropexy. Journal of Pelvic Medi
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97. Mangioni C, Bianchi L, Bolis PF
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4.5 Antibiotikaprofylax vid ortoped
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inte sällan i kronisk form. Insät
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Inklusionskriterier Enbart prospekt
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och medarbetare från år 1987 [9]
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(från 1998) samtidigt som man helt
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KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litt
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Thomsen 1990 [44] Denmark RCT, open
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Table 4.5.3 Closed fractures; durat
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Table 4.5.5 Studies comparing diffe
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Table 4.5.7 Prosthesis, different d
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Table 4.5.9 Prosthesis and antibiot
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Table 4.5.11 Low study quality and
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prophylaxis in trochanteric hip fra
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45. Nungu KS, Olerud C, Rehnberg L,
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Det är oklart om antibiotikaprofyl
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Två artiklar med medelhög kvalite
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Övrig plastikkirurgi Två artiklar
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Table 4.6.2 Skin surgery. Author Ye
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Table 4.6.3 Breast surgery. Author
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Table 4.6.4 Abdominoplasty. Author
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Referenser 1. Amland PF, Andenaes K
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I en del situationer görs en omede
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Bröstcancerbehandling har genomgå
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Table 4.7.2 Breast cancer operation
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4.8 Antibiotikaprofylax vid hjärtk
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Det finns flera för hjärtkirurgi
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Bakteriologi/bakteriologisk miljö
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Alternativ till antibiotikaprofylax
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Preparatval (Tabell 4.8.3) Det stor
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av dessa studier för få patienter
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studier av effektivitet och resiste
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Table 4.8.3 Choice of antibiotics.
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Table 4.8.5 Alternatives to intrave
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14. Kadurugamuwa JL, Beveridge TJ.
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infections after cardiac surgery: a
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4.9 Antibiotikaprofylax vid implant
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KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litt
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4.10 Antibiotikaprofylax vid allmä
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tionstekniken har även ändrats se
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penicillin och ett dygns cefuroxim
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etiologi som uppkomstmekanism. Dett
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Referenser 1. Aznar R, Mateu M, Mir
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Tabell 4.11.1 Antibiotikaprofylax j
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medelhög kvalitet. Fyra av de ing
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av hemothorax har vidare angivits s
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Table 4.11.1 Penetrating injuries o
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Referenser 1. Fallon WF, Jr, Wears
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• Stötvågsbehandling av njurste
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ersatt den öppna kirurgin för van
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är fastställd. I en undersökning
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0 och 5,1 procent hos patienter uta
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Page 344 and 345: infektion. Det finns i de redovisad
Page 346 and 347: Table 4.12.3 Cystoscopy. Author Yea
Page 348 and 349: Table 4.12.4 Transrectal prostatic
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Page 354 and 355: Table 4.12.6 Transurethral resectio
Page 356 and 357: Table 4.12.8 Extracorporeal Shockwa
Page 360 and 361: Table 4.12.10 Percutaneous nephroli
Page 362 and 363: Table 4.12.12 Low study quality and
Page 364 and 365: Referenser 1. Berry A, Barratt A. P
Page 366 and 367: cin and chloramphenicol. Int Braz J
Page 368 and 369: urine culture and sensitivity are b
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Page 374 and 375: Kirurgiska ingrepp inom öron-näsa
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Page 378 and 379: Cancerkirurgi (Tabell 4.13.5) En RC
Page 380 and 381: Sinuskirurgi (Tabell 4.13.8) En ran
Page 382 and 383: Typ av antibiotika och dos varierad
Page 384 and 385: Table 4.13.3 Tonsillectomy. Author
Page 386 and 387: Table 4.13.5 Cancer. Author Year Re
Page 390 and 391: Table 4.13.6 Rhinosurgery. Author Y
Page 394 and 395: and neck oncologic surgery. Ann Oto
Page 398 and 399: • Det vetenskapliga underlaget ä
Page 400 and 401: Frågeställningar • Vid vilka ki
Page 402 and 403: Anomalikirurgi (Tabell 4.14.3) Anom
Page 404 and 405: Övriga kirurgiska ingrepp i käkar
Page 406 and 407: utförde Lockhart och medarbetare (
Page 408 and 409: Table 4.14.2 Third molar surgery. A
Page 410 and 411: Table 4.14.3 Orthognatic surgery. A
Page 412 and 413: Table 4.14.4 Implant surgery. Autho
Page 414 and 415: Table 4.14.6 Other dentoalveolar su
Page 416 and 417: Table 4.14.8 Low quality and releva
Page 420 and 421: Referenser 1. Esposito M, Grusovin
Page 422 and 423: preoperative single-dose clindamyci
Page 426 and 427: • Sjukvården får kostnader för
Page 428 and 429: 358 (p
Page 430 and 431: Table 4.15.1 Antibiotic prophylaxis
Page 432 and 433: Table 4.15.2 Antibiotic prophylaxis
Page 434 and 435: 5. Infektionsprofylax utan antibiot
Page 436 and 437: frekvensen postoperativa sårinfekt
Page 438 and 439: 6. Etiska aspekter Infektioner rela
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• Hur garanterades bästa möjlig
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Etisk analys med hjälp av aktörsm
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Referens 1. Hermerén G. Kunskapens
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Granskningen av hälsoekonomisk lit
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Distala Duodenum E Coli ”Efficien
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KNS Kolecystektomi Kolecystit Koled
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Preoperativa Protesendokoardit Pseu
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9. Projektgrupp, externa granskare,
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Adjungerade Mats Bergström Läkare
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Principal Investigator för Sepsiss
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Därutöver konsult/rådgivningsarv
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Rapporter publicerade av SBU Gula r
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Självtestning och egenvård vid an
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Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp - SBU

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