Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp - SBU

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 4.8.5 Alternatives to intravenous antibiotics. Author Year Reference Country Study design Population characteristics Intervention Method Number individuals Control Number individuals Results Withdrawal Drop outs Study quality and relevance Comments Desmond 2003 [37] United Kingdom Cohort study 14 pts with elective arterial surgery were prospectively studied. One surgeon. Study absorption and systemic levels of vancomycin. Serum samples at 30, 60 120, 180 and 730 min in 7 pts and at 60 and 180 min, 7 pts. In 4 pts samples from chest drains. 10 pts urinary samples Iv prophylaxis according to routine (type not stated). At closure of sternotomy pts were randomised to I1: 500 mg vancomycin powder I2: 500 mg vancomycin powder dissolved in 10 mL saline Serum samples No difference between groups in serum or urinary levels. Peak serum levels at 30 min (mean 2.96 mg/l; 0.99–5.00). At 6 h 1.32 mg/l (0.56–2.17) T1/2 5 h. Chest drain levels: 11.3 mg/l (0.52–29.4) Moderate Significant systemic levels of vancomycin and in urine for 5 days. Recommended systemic concentration: 5–10 mg/l. Small patient study. Local therapy exposes patients to systemic and urinary vancomycin in significant doses, but the exposure below dose required to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus Eklund 2005 [38] Finland RCT 557 pts undergoing elective CABG during 1 year. Sealed envelopes. SSI defined. Follow-up 3 months I: 10 cm x 10 cm gentamicin – collagen implant (130 mg gentamicin and 280 mg collagen) before wound closure. 2 doses iv cefuroxime 1.5 g 0 and 6 h. In addition iv vancomycin 500 mg on two occasions if hospital stay >72 h C: No implant 2 doses iv cefuroxime 1.5 g and 0 and 6 h in addition iv vancomycin 500 mg on two occations if hospital stay >72 h Sternal wound infection I: 11/272 (4.0%) C: 16/270 (5.9%) p=0.201 Mediastinitis I: 3/272 (1.1%) C: 5/270 (1.9%) p=0.470 20 pts did not meet inclusion criteria 5 refused to participate 4 deceased Moderate No difference. Slightly better results in intervention group. No side effects. Safe therapy Gram positive organisms accounted for most infections The table continues on the next page 388 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litteraturöversikten 389
Table 4.8.5 continued Author Year Reference Country Study design Population characteristics Intervention Method Number individuals Control Number individuals Results Withdrawal Drop outs Study quality and relevance Comments Friberg 2005 [39] Sweden RCT All pts undergoing cardiac surgery (including surgery on ascending aorta) through median sternotomy. Two centres. Elective and emergency. Follow-up 2 months I: Two sponges in the wound before closure gentamicin sulphate 200 mg and 280 mg collagen + iv antibiotic prophylaxis a) Cloxacillin 2 g every 8 h for 24–48 h (1 center) b) Dicloxacillin 1 g every 8 h for 24–48 h (1 centre) Pre-op oral mouthwash the night and morning with chlorhexidine at one centre 1 000 pts randomised, 983 analyzed C: No sponge. Iv prophylaxis as intervention group. 1 000 pts randomised, 967 analyzed Sternal wound infection, total I: 4.3% C: 9.0% OR 0.47 (95% CI 0.33–0.68) Sternal wound infection, superficial I: 1.8% C: 5.7% OR 0.34 (95% CI 0.20–0.57) Sternal wound infection, deep I: 2.3% C: 3.3% OR 0.71 (95% CI 0.42–1.20) 17 interventions (differential operations, lost to follow-up) 33 controls (differential operations, lost to follow-up) High 53% relative reduction. No placebo control. Difference in deep infections not statistically significant Perl 2002 [42] USA RCT Adults who underwent general, oncologic, gynaecologic, elective non-emergency cardiothoracic and neurologic surgical procedures. Screened 4 030, in analyses 3 864 I: Swabs applied mupirocin intranasal for up to 5 days C: Swabs applied placebo intranasal for up to 5 days SSI with Staphylococcus aureus I: 2.3% C: 2.4% SSI with Staphylococcus aureus in pts with nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus preoperatively: n=891/3 864 (23.1%) I: 444 pts (4.0%) C: 447 pts (7.7%) OR for infection with treatment 0.49 (95% CI 0.25–0.92) p=0.02 79 of randomised, 249 in I and 209 in C, 21 did nor receive any drug. No reasons given Moderate The table continues on the next page 390 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litteraturöversikten 391
Page 1 and 2:
Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska
Page 3:
Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska
Page 6 and 7:
3. Antibiotikaprofylax - praxis 57
Page 8 and 9:
Har antibiotikaimpregnerade grafter
Page 10 and 11:
Resultat av litteratursökningen oc
Page 12 and 13:
4.11 Sluten inläggning av thoraxdr
Page 14 and 15:
5. Infektionsprofylax utan antibiot
Page 17 and 18:
SBU:s sammanfattning och slutsatser
Page 19 and 20:
Bakgrund och syfte Antibiotika i pr
Page 21 and 22:
arhet. Kvalitetsgranskningen av de
Page 23 and 24:
Det vetenskapliga underlaget saknas
Page 25 and 26:
tagning av livmoder (måttligt star
Page 27 and 28:
Bröstcancerkirurgi • Vid bröstc
Page 29 and 30:
sårinfektion, empyem (varansamling
Page 31 and 32:
• Antibiotikaprofylax vid öppen
Page 33 and 34:
Infektiös endokardit Infektiös en
Page 35:
• Endovaskulära ingrepp, speciel
Page 38 and 39:
1.2 Avgränsningar Projektet omfatt
Page 40 and 41:
Tabell 1.1 Effektmått förutom pos
Page 42 and 43:
Tabell 1.2 fortsättning Antal bakt
Page 44 and 45:
Proteinbindning Många antibiotika
Page 46 and 47:
Till allmänna faktorer räknas ock
Page 49 and 50:
2. Metodik för systematisk littera
Page 51 and 52:
Figur 2.1 Granskningsprocessen. Fas
Page 53 and 54:
Evidensstyrkan graderades i fyra ni
Page 55 and 56:
3. Antibiotikaprofylax - praxis KAP
Page 57 and 58:
3.1 Praxisundersökning om användn
Page 59 and 60:
100 90 80 70 Procent Ja-svar 60 50
Page 61 and 62:
De 37 kliniker som uppgav att de re
Page 63 and 64:
Urologi Samtliga 13 kliniker som be
Page 65 and 66:
Tabell 3.1.2 Finns skriftliga anvis
Page 67 and 68:
72 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgis
Page 69 and 70:
esistens). STRAMA-gruppen har delat
Page 71 and 72:
Tabell 3.2.2 fortsättning Preparat
Page 73 and 74:
Tabell 3.2.2 fortsättning Preparat
Page 76 and 77:
4. Den systematiska litteraturöver
Page 78 and 79:
4.1 Antibiotikaprofylax vid gastroi
Page 80 and 81:
• Blindtarmsinflammation: Antibio
Page 82 and 83:
Frågeställningar • Vilken typ a
Page 84 and 85:
Weber och medarbetare publicerade 2
Page 86 and 87:
Accidentell perforation under opera
Page 88 and 89:
Ventrikelkirurgi (Tabell 4.1.10) Ba
Page 90 and 91:
Det finns idag inga RCT av antibiot
Page 92 and 93:
Table 4.1.3 Timing. Author Year Ref
Page 94 and 95:
Table 4.1.4 continued Author Year R
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Table 4.1.6 ERCP. Author Year Refer
Page 104 and 105:
Table 4.1.9 Oesophagus. Author Year
Page 106 and 107:
Table 4.1.10 continued Author Year
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Table 4.1.12 Hernia repair. Author
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Table 4.1.13 Appendectomy. Author Y
Page 116 and 117:
Referenser 1. Bai Y, Gao F, Gao J,
Page 118 and 119:
laxis during elective upper gastroi
Page 120 and 121:
57. Sanchez-Manuel FJ, Lozano Garci
Page 122 and 123:
152 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgi
Page 124 and 125:
• De flesta studier har jämfört
Page 126 and 127:
Frågeställningar • Vilken antib
Page 128 and 129:
(RR = 0,41; 95 procent KI = 0,23-0,
Page 130 and 131:
Diskussion Idag använder 67 procen
Page 132 and 133:
Table 4.2.2 Elective colorectal sur
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Table 4.2.3 Elective colorectal sur
Page 144 and 145:
mycin as antibiotic prophylaxis in
Page 146 and 147:
Bakgrund Infektioner hos patienter
Page 148 and 149:
Beskrivning av studier och resultat
Page 150 and 151:
Table 4.3.2 Vascular surgery. Autho
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Table 4.3.3 Low study quality and r
Page 156 and 157:
Referenser 1. Christenson JT, Eklof
Page 158 and 159:
a randomized, prospective trial. So
Page 160 and 161:
Elektivt sectio (generellt) • Ant
Page 162 and 163:
Transcervikala intrauterina ingrepp
Page 164 and 165:
Vid bakteriell vaginos som kan vara
Page 166 and 167:
Beskrivning av studier och resultat
Page 168 and 169:
endometrit (1 procent vs 5 procent)
Page 170 and 171:
[4]. Inga av de förhållandevis f
Page 172 and 173:
frekvens av infektioner efter profy
Page 174 and 175:
Det finns inga data som visar att f
Page 176 and 177:
Sterilisering I en stor studie frå
Page 178 and 179:
Table 4.4.2 Caesarean section, anti
Page 180 and 181:
Table 4.4.3 Caesarean section, comp
Page 182 and 183:
Table 4.4.5 Caesarean section, mult
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Table 4.4.8 Hysterectomy, antibioti
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Table 4.4.10 Hysterectomy, duration
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Table 4.4.14 Intrauterine contracep
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
15. Sullivan SA, Smith T, Chang E,
Page 204 and 205:
hysterectomy. Clin Infect Dis 1995;
Page 206 and 207:
urethropexy. Journal of Pelvic Medi
Page 208 and 209:
97. Mangioni C, Bianchi L, Bolis PF
Page 210 and 211:
4.5 Antibiotikaprofylax vid ortoped
Page 212 and 213:
inte sällan i kronisk form. Insät
Page 214 and 215:
Inklusionskriterier Enbart prospekt
Page 216 and 217:
och medarbetare från år 1987 [9]
Page 218 and 219:
(från 1998) samtidigt som man helt
Page 220 and 221:
KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litt
Page 222 and 223:
Thomsen 1990 [44] Denmark RCT, open
Page 224 and 225:
Table 4.5.3 Closed fractures; durat
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Table 4.5.5 Studies comparing diffe
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Table 4.5.7 Prosthesis, different d
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Table 4.5.9 Prosthesis and antibiot
Page 238 and 239:
Table 4.5.11 Low study quality and
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
prophylaxis in trochanteric hip fra
Page 244 and 245: 45. Nungu KS, Olerud C, Rehnberg L,
Page 246 and 247: 324 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgi
Page 248 and 249: Det är oklart om antibiotikaprofyl
Page 250 and 251: Resultat av litteratursökningen oc
Page 252 and 253: Två artiklar med medelhög kvalite
Page 254 and 255: Övrig plastikkirurgi Två artiklar
Page 256 and 257: Table 4.6.2 Skin surgery. Author Ye
Page 258 and 259: Table 4.6.3 Breast surgery. Author
Page 260 and 261: Table 4.6.4 Abdominoplasty. Author
Page 262 and 263: Referenser 1. Amland PF, Andenaes K
Page 264 and 265: 348 antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgi
Page 266 and 267: I en del situationer görs en omede
Page 268 and 269: Bröstcancerbehandling har genomgå
Page 270 and 271: Table 4.7.2 Breast cancer operation
Page 272 and 273: 4.8 Antibiotikaprofylax vid hjärtk
Page 274 and 275: Det finns flera för hjärtkirurgi
Page 276 and 277: Bakteriologi/bakteriologisk miljö
Page 278 and 279: Alternativ till antibiotikaprofylax
Page 280 and 281: Preparatval (Tabell 4.8.3) Det stor
Page 282 and 283: av dessa studier för få patienter
Page 284 and 285: studier av effektivitet och resiste
Page 286 and 287: Table 4.8.2 continued Author Year R
Page 288 and 289: Table 4.8.3 Choice of antibiotics.
Page 298 and 299: 14. Kadurugamuwa JL, Beveridge TJ.
Page 300 and 301: infections after cardiac surgery: a
Page 302 and 303: 4.9 Antibiotikaprofylax vid implant
Page 304 and 305: Resultat av litteratursökningen oc
Page 306 and 307: KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litt
Page 310 and 311: 4.10 Antibiotikaprofylax vid allmä
Page 312 and 313: tionstekniken har även ändrats se
Page 314 and 315: penicillin och ett dygns cefuroxim
Page 316 and 317: etiologi som uppkomstmekanism. Dett
Page 318 and 319: Table 4.10.2 continued Author Year
Page 320 and 321: Referenser 1. Aznar R, Mateu M, Mir
Page 322 and 323: Tabell 4.11.1 Antibiotikaprofylax j
Page 324 and 325: medelhög kvalitet. Fyra av de ing
Page 326 and 327: av hemothorax har vidare angivits s
Page 328 and 329: Table 4.11.1 Penetrating injuries o
Page 330 and 331: Referenser 1. Fallon WF, Jr, Wears
Page 332 and 333: • Stötvågsbehandling av njurste
Page 334 and 335: ersatt den öppna kirurgin för van
Page 336 and 337: Beskrivning av studier och resultat
Page 338 and 339: är fastställd. I en undersökning
Page 340 and 341: 0 och 5,1 procent hos patienter uta
Page 342 and 343: Här följer några exempel: Abdomi
Page 344 and 345:
infektion. Det finns i de redovisad
Page 346 and 347:
Table 4.12.3 Cystoscopy. Author Yea
Page 348 and 349:
Table 4.12.4 Transrectal prostatic
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352 and 353:
Page 354 and 355:
Table 4.12.6 Transurethral resectio
Page 356 and 357:
Table 4.12.8 Extracorporeal Shockwa
Page 358 and 359:
Page 360 and 361:
Table 4.12.10 Percutaneous nephroli
Page 362 and 363:
Page 364 and 365:
Referenser 1. Berry A, Barratt A. P
Page 366 and 367:
cin and chloramphenicol. Int Braz J
Page 368 and 369:
urine culture and sensitivity are b
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
• Det vetenskapliga underlaget f
Page 374 and 375:
Kirurgiska ingrepp inom öron-näsa
Page 376 and 377:
ständiga artiklarna resulterade i
Page 378 and 379:
Cancerkirurgi (Tabell 4.13.5) En RC
Page 380 and 381:
Sinuskirurgi (Tabell 4.13.8) En ran
Page 382 and 383:
Typ av antibiotika och dos varierad
Page 384 and 385:
Table 4.13.3 Tonsillectomy. Author
Page 386 and 387:
Table 4.13.5 Cancer. Author Year Re
Page 388 and 389:
Page 390 and 391:
Table 4.13.6 Rhinosurgery. Author Y
Page 392 and 393:
Page 394 and 395:
and neck oncologic surgery. Ann Oto
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
• Det vetenskapliga underlaget ä
Page 400 and 401:
Frågeställningar • Vid vilka ki
Page 402 and 403:
Anomalikirurgi (Tabell 4.14.3) Anom
Page 404 and 405:
Övriga kirurgiska ingrepp i käkar
Page 406 and 407:
utförde Lockhart och medarbetare (
Page 408 and 409:
Table 4.14.2 Third molar surgery. A
Page 410 and 411:
Table 4.14.3 Orthognatic surgery. A
Page 412 and 413:
Table 4.14.4 Implant surgery. Autho
Page 414 and 415:
Table 4.14.6 Other dentoalveolar su
Page 416 and 417:
Table 4.14.8 Low quality and releva
Page 418 and 419:
Page 420 and 421:
Referenser 1. Esposito M, Grusovin
Page 422 and 423:
preoperative single-dose clindamyci
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
• Sjukvården får kostnader för
Page 428 and 429:
358 (p
Page 430 and 431:
Table 4.15.1 Antibiotic prophylaxis
Page 432 and 433:
Table 4.15.2 Antibiotic prophylaxis
Page 434 and 435:
5. Infektionsprofylax utan antibiot
Page 436 and 437:
frekvensen postoperativa sårinfekt
Page 438 and 439:
6. Etiska aspekter Infektioner rela
Page 440 and 441:
komplikation roll. Vissa komplikati
Page 442 and 443:
• Hur garanterades bästa möjlig
Page 444 and 445:
Etisk analys med hjälp av aktörsm
Page 446:
Referens 1. Hermerén G. Kunskapens
Page 449 and 450:
Granskningen av hälsoekonomisk lit
Page 451 and 452:
Distala Duodenum E Coli ”Efficien
Page 453 and 454:
KNS Kolecystektomi Kolecystit Koled
Page 455 and 456:
Preoperativa Protesendokoardit Pseu
Page 458 and 459:
9. Projektgrupp, externa granskare,
Page 460 and 461:
Adjungerade Mats Bergström Läkare
Page 462 and 463:
Principal Investigator för Sepsiss
Page 464 and 465:
Därutöver konsult/rådgivningsarv
Page 466 and 467:
Rapporter publicerade av SBU Gula r
Page 468:
Självtestning och egenvård vid an
show all

Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp - SBU

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?