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Antibiotikaprofylax vid kirurgiska ingrepp - SBU

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Table 4.8.3 continued<br />

Author<br />

Year<br />

Reference<br />

Country<br />

Study<br />

design<br />

Population<br />

characteristics<br />

Intervention<br />

Method<br />

Number indi<strong>vid</strong>uals<br />

Control<br />

Number<br />

indi<strong>vid</strong>uals<br />

Results<br />

Withdrawal<br />

Drop outs<br />

Study quality<br />

and relevance<br />

Comments<br />

Townsend<br />

1993<br />

[22]<br />

RCT<br />

Older than 18 years,<br />

undergoing nonemergency<br />

median sternotomy<br />

exluding transplants.<br />

n=1 641<br />

I1: Cefamandole 1 g every<br />

6 h 9 doses<br />

I2: Cefazolin 1 g every<br />

6 h 9 doses<br />

I3: Cefuroxime 1.5 g every<br />

12 h + placebo 9 doses<br />

SSI<br />

I1: 46/549 pts (8.4%)<br />

I2: 49/547 pts (8.4%)<br />

I3: 49/545 pts (9.0%)<br />

Total infections<br />

I1: 49/549 (8.9%)<br />

I2: 54/547 (9.9%)<br />

I3: 52/545 (9.5%)<br />

203 protocol<br />

violations<br />

Moderate<br />

Wilson<br />

1986<br />

[23]<br />

RCT<br />

All pts undergoing cardiac<br />

surgery involving ECC.<br />

Excluded: 105 bacteria in urine<br />

I: 400 mg teicoplanin iv at<br />

induction of anaesthesia<br />

+ 200 mg iv 24 h later<br />

Sternal incision 95 pts<br />

leg incision 103 pts<br />

C: 500 mg flucloaxacillin<br />

1.5/kg tobramycin<br />

at induction + 500 mg<br />

flucloxacillin every<br />

6 h iv/po for 5 days +<br />

tobramycin 80 mg iv<br />

every 8 h for 3 days<br />

Sternal incision 70 pts,<br />

leg incision 76 pts<br />

Wound infection sternal<br />

I: 4 severe<br />

13 overall/95<br />

Donor site 1/70<br />

C: 2 severe<br />

6 overall/103<br />

Donor site 2/67<br />

RR 2.3 (95% CI 0.9–5.9)<br />

2 died within<br />

7 days<br />

211/286<br />

screened<br />

included<br />

Moderate<br />

ECC = Extracorporeal circulation; C = Control group; CI = Confidence interval;<br />

h = Hour; I = Intervention group; iv = Intravenous; po = Per os; pts = Patients;<br />

RCT = Randomised controlled trial; RR = Relative risk; SSI = Surgical site infection<br />

380 antibiotikaprofylax <strong>vid</strong> <strong>kirurgiska</strong> <strong>ingrepp</strong> KAPITEL 4 • den systematiska litteraturöversikten<br />

381

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