Witti-Buch2 2001.qxd - Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society

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Wittgenstein on Logical Necessity: Two Interpretations So what we have, under Stroud's interpretation, is a view locating the source of logical necessity in these very general facts about human nature. We do not explicitly, in the manner of the conventionalism of the positivists, adopt our form of life as we adopt a convention. When asked for an ultimate justification in ascribing logical necessity, the only answer is 'this is simply what I do' (see for instance [RFM: I, 63; PI: I, 117]). In other words, the only answer refers to our form of life. The only thing forcing us to believe in the logical necessity of certain statements is a desire to be true to our own human nature. Someone who would not make the same ascriptions of logical necessity as we do would be someone who is not part of our language-game, of our culture. Stroud's interpretation, then, seems much more plausible than Dummett's. However, Dummett's interpretation puts great emphasis on the 'decision' element present in Wittgenstein's writings on logical necessity and it is undeniable that Wittgenstein talks about our making a decision when ascribing logical necessity. Stroud denies any role of decision in the ascriptions of logical necessity. This is because, I take it, this idea is in tension with Stroud's emphasis that we are somehow forced to accept logical necessities by our form of life. But then, was Wittgenstein merely confused when he talked about the decision element? Should we, like Stroud, ignore this aspect of Wittgenstein's thought? I believe there is a way to resolve this tension between Stroud's interpretation and the decision element. The key is to understand the decision element in such a way that 'deciding' to ascribe logical necessity is to somehow 'decide' to be playing this language-game and be true to our own human nature. Nothing forces one to accept logical necessities but the desire to be part of a form of life. The decision element in Wittgenstein's writings has to be understood in relation with his attack on Platonism. He wanted to free us from the idea that we are somehow responding to mysterious states of affairs when ascribing logical necessity, and to do that he made us realise that we are free to decide what is logically necessary in a way that we are not free to decide whether or not there is a tree over there. The sentence 'there is a tree over there' does owe its truth to something external, namely the fact that there is a tree over there. But that it is logically necessary that '2 + 2 = 4' does not owe its truth to some facts external to us in this way. So one can decide not to ascribe logical necessity the same way that the rest of us do: it's just that this person took the decision not to share our form of life. 165
Patrice Philie References Dummett, Michael. [1959] 'Wittgenstein's Philosophy of Mathematics', in Truth and Other Enigmas (1978, Cambridge: Harvard), pp. 166-185. Stroud, Barry. [1965] 'Wittgenstein and Logical Necessity', in Philosophical Review, 74, 504-518. Wittgenstein, Ludwig. [1953] Philosophical Investigations, Oxford: Blackwell. Wittgenstein, Ludwig. [1978] Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics, Revised Edition, Oxford: Blackwell. 166
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Beiträge der Österreichischen Lud
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Wittgenstein and the Future of Phil
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Inhalt / Contents Finitism and Symm
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Wittgenstein on Logical Necessity:
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The Incoherence of Wittgenstein's (
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Beiträge / Papers 11
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Jonas Larsson comparison, then some
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Jonas Larsson In Euclidic geometry,
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Jonas Larsson Assume that Lobachevs
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Wittgenstein and Other Minds Yakir
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Yakir Levin In like manner, a non-l
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Functions and Operations in the Tra
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Eric Loomis 1 Length restrictions p
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Charles W. Lowney It is clear that
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Charles W. Lowney 2. The "Ineffabil
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Charles W. Lowney The way of cashin
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Antonio Marques possible to define
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Antonio Marques Literature: Hacker,
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Ken Maruta "Gleichnis" is rendered
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Ken Maruta "matchbox", gives suppor
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Ken Maruta I have sketched how meta
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Yasushi Maruyama teaching style he
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Yasushi Maruyama This does not mean
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Yasushi Maruyama References Baker,
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Anat Matar all-inclusive, there is
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Anat Matar [W]e have something whic
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Setzungen: Wittgensteins Stil im Tr
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Dieter Mersch Der Stil der Ausführ
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Dieter Mersch tantum" der Setzung,
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Dieter Mersch Wie ist das zu verste
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The Aesthetic Turn: Wittgenstein, C
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Thomas Meyer that settle the issue.
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Thomas Meyer is at least some reaso
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War Wittgenstein Hitlers "Jude aus
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Hermann Möcker Es gibt zwei Photos
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Hermann Möcker Die Passage in Mein
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Hermann Möcker Schätzern Wittgens
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Is Logic Syntax of Language? Carnap
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Brian David Mogck rules of logical
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Brian David Mogck formulas or infer
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Ludwig Wittgenstein and Yorick Smyt
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Volker A. Munz "Deciding to become
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Volker A. Munz language game perfor
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Pragmatische und/oder dekonstruktiv
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Ludwig Nagl an answer to the questi
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Ludwig Nagl zuletzt nirgenwo schlü
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Gewißheit und befriedigendes Verst
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Karl Nähr 2. Das Erklärungsmuster
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Karl Nähr Wenn ich eine neue Sachl
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Karl Nähr Dann kann sich aus meist
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Yasuo Nakayama 1. Intentional Strat
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Michael Rahnfeld Datenbank zu samme
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Michael Rahnfeld Sämtliche Fakten
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Wittgensteins sogenannte Privatspra
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Adolf Rami (3') x ist ein Satz von
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Adolf Rami hinweisenden Definition
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Adolf Rami 1 (=eine Sprache, die nu
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Roberto Rojo Though it is also true
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Roberto Rojo Agade, founder of Baby
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Roberto Rojo Referencias Wittgenste
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Tobias Rosefeldt einmal gehabt habe
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Religious Truth and Realism in Witt
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Jacob Joshua Ross 6. Blackburn's "q
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Art, Opinions, and Attitudes Simo S
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Simo Säätelä I tell someone I am
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Philosophy As A Guide To Life? Saur
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Saurabh Sanatani The philosopher's
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Saurabh Sanatani If by eternity is
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Through the Looking-Glass: The Prob
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Wittgenstein's Legacy for the Self
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The Incoherence of Wittgenstein's (
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Form(s) Of Life* Jaap van Brakel I
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Wittgenstein und Kant zur Metaphysi
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Is Wittgenstein a Foundationalist?
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