History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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126 History of Medical Practice in IllinoisDr. S. P. Breed reported for the Committee on Medical Practice, coveringthe use of muriatic acid inthe treatment of continued fever and pneumonia.During this year, a "Manual of Thermometry" was published by Dr.Edward Seguin of New York; Dr. James Nevins Hyde, dermatologist ofChicago, expounded on the unity or duality of syphilis; articles were publishedon "Civil Malpractice" by Dr. M. A. McClelland of Knoxville,Illinois. Chicago reported 48 cases of cholera and 517 cases of smallpox.1874"Progress of Medicine" was discussed by Dr. Norman Bridge of Chicagoat the meeting of the State Society. Dr. J.Bartlett, also of Chicago, described"Aqueplants in River Bottoms and their Genetic Relations toMalarial Disease," and Dr. Carter Smith, Middleport, Ohio, delivered anaddress on "Digitalis, Cardiac Sedative and Stimulant."A new pest-house was completed in Chicago during this year.1875Medical education continued a topic of major concern and Dr. J.H.Hollister of Chicago, speaking at the annual meeting of the State Society,discussed at length the preparation for medical training, hospital serviceand ward teaching. He stated that the high calling of the medical professiondeserved congratulations and could be proud of "the auspiciousplanting of medical science and of medical institutions in Illinois."At this session the practice of bloodletting was subject to much debate.While the protagonists were very vociferous, they made up a small minority.Dr. Joseph W. Freer introduced the subject of direct transfusions ofarterial lamb's blood versus the indirect transfusion of defibrinated humanblood. He called attention to severe reactions with arterial lamb's bloodand gave a demonstration.The Committee on Medical Practice reported upon the occurrence andtreatment of pneumonia and inflammatory rheumatism.Other interesting subjects were presented; for example, the control ofthe spread of scarlet fever was discussed by Dr. J.P. Walker of Mason City,Iowa; Dr. J.O. Heyworth of Jerseyville, Illinois, again spoke of the therapyof whooping cough; Dr. I. N. Danforth described the use of the microscopein daily practice, and there was general discussion of the value of palpationand percussion in physical diagnosis.Contagious and infectious diseases still predominated in the practice ofmedicine, as evidenced by Dr. Hosmer Johnson's report of 283 cases ofphthisis and Dr. E. W. Gray's statement that smallpox, a major exanthem,was caused by a specific virus and could be prevented, although there was
Internal Medicine 127no cure for it. Chicago reported 15 cases of smallpox, this low figure undoubtedlybeing due to the increasing number of vaccinations in that city.Articles were appearing in publications on the germ theory and the discoveryof bacteria, as noted by the following quotation from the MedicalTimes: "It must be conceded, however, that, so far as most of the forms ofbacteria are concerned, investigation shows that, if they are not receivedin too overwhelming quantity, the healthier organism offers them an almostabsolute resistance. Proof is also available, in the case of many diseases, forthe assertionalready."that those only are attacked by the disease who were sickl8?6Dr. Hollister again discussed medical education before the State Society.He said that there were too many intelligent quacks and ignorant regularsand that there was a great need for many reforms. He discussed cheapschools versus the best schools, lay education, the use of patent medicines,better licensure regulations, registration of births and deaths, creation ofa State Board of Medical Examiners, and selection of coroners from amongthe physicians. He advised legislation providing that physicians' bills bemade a privileged account and that court testimony be paid for in advanceexcept pro bono publico. He stressed the need for state and county boardsof health with doctors in control.The Committee on Medical Practice reported that epidemics of scarletfever, puerperal fever, erysipelas, rubeola, diphtheria and dysentery hadbeen widespread in 1875.There was considerable discussion on scurvy, the significance of thecrepitant rale, the cure of acute rheumatism with salicylic acid, and Dr. J.S. Billings, Surgeon General of the United States, reviewed the choleraepidemic of 1873. Dr. James Etheridge discussed the differential diagnosisof rotheln, measles and scarlet fever.An excellent history of "Early Medical Chicago," by Dr. James NevinsHyde of Chicago, appeared in the Northwestern Medical and SurgicalJournal.Chicago this year reported a severe epidemic of scarlet fever.The practice of medicine was to be markedly effected in future years byone event of this year, namely, the invention of the telephone by AlexanderGraham Bell.Q(. M1877The annual address was given by Dr. T. D. Fitch of Chicago in whichhe noted the advantages of organized effort, the necessity for good citizenship,the advantage of joining some medical society, and he made a pleafor physicians to cultivate association with their colleagues.The Committee on Medical Practice reported on the theory of a specificetiologic agent for each disease.
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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