History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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2 5 8 History of Medical Practice in IllinoisThat proper use of the eyes was being given consideration is evident bya paper presented the following year (1884) by Dr. Hotz, entitled, "Whichof the Books Our Children Read Are Injurious to Their Eyes?" He consideredthe possible effect of reading on the development of myopia in children,and advocated proper size type and paper. Of the school booksstudied, only the dictionary had print smaller than could be consideredacceptable, but many of the books read at home were found to be unacceptablefrom this standpoint. Dr. Hotz concluded: "Look at a child when itis deeply absorbed in a story book, see how the little face gradually approachesand almost touches the page; think then of the enormous musclestrain these young eyes have to endure in order to read this miserable printand you will know at whose door we have to lay the blame for the impairedsight of many children. You will unite your effortswith mine inholding up before the people the danger of these cheap books and periodicals.For too dearly bought is this cheap literature, if it is to be paid forwith the priceless gift of Nature—good eyesight." One cannot help butwonder what Dr. Hotz would have thought of the movies and now television.In his 1885 report to the Society, Dr. Montgomery stated that "the pasttwo or three years will be memorable in the history of this specialty. Thediscovery of jequirity as a remedy for chronic granular conjuctivitis willhold a position not less important than the discovery that the operation ofiridectomy has a curative effect upon a large per cent of glaucomatouseyes. The discovery of the local anesthetic properties of cocaine will takerank in importance with the invention of the ophthalmoscope." The lastprognostication bears merit, but sixty-five years later ophthalmologistsknow nothing of jequirity, which even then was not completely acceptedfor Dr. Jones, in discussing a paper by Dr. Robert Tilley on the use of thisremedy, stated:"Patients who entrust their welfare to us have a right toexpect that their cases will not only be treated intelligently but with thesame care and prudence, and with the same interest that we would wishto have exercised in our own cases if we were unfortunate enough to bethe patients instead of being the physicians. I very much doubt if the enthusiastsfor jequirity would be as willing, and I had almost said as reckless,in having that remedy used as freely in their own eyes, as they havebeen in using it in the eyes of others." Dr. Jones's criterion of therapy remainsas a standard still applicable.The general progress of ophthalmology is recorded in Dr. Tilley's 1886report with comments on advances in the study of circulation in the eyeand formation of aqueous, refractive errors in the newborn, the actualcautery, and introduction of Mules's spheres in enucleations.The following year (1887) Dr. Jones reported that "the yearly contribu-
Ophthalmology 259tions to the science have been greater in all directions, and the result hasbeen an accumulation of varied character and in a comparatively shorttime—an accumulation that might almost be regarded as an embarrassmentof riches. . . . The process of elimination must be resorted to, andone finds the mistakes that usually attend rapid development and prematureannouncement of supposed discoveries, and finds that here, as inother places in the wide field of medicine, many cherished theories, manyvaunted remedies, and many novel and lauded operative procedures havefailed to stand the practical and reliable test of time. . . . The introductionof boric acid alone as a topical application to the conjunctiva has donemuch to simplify the treatment of conjunctivitis. . . . The use of cocaineto the conjunctiva continues to meet the expectations aroused by its introductioninto ophthalmic practice. Its use in the removal of foreign substanceslodged in the conjunctiva or in the cornea affords a great comfortto the patient, and is of real service to the physician in effecting removal.. . . The part which blenorrhagic micrococcus or gonococcus plays in producingmorbid discharge from mucous surfaces, including the conjunctiva,is one of the problems not yet fully solved. . . . Von Hippel has recentlyreported a successful case of transplanting corneal tissues in the case of avoting woman. By removal of an opaque portion from the center of thecornea, by means of a trephine, down to the membrane of Descemet, andthen by means of knife and forceps removing still more of the opaquecorneal tissue,an opening was made into which he transplanted a pieceof cornea from a rabbit's eye, with aseptic precaution. . . . Vision throughthe transplanted portion was reported as being 20/200."Four papers on ophthalmology were presented at the Society meeting of1889. Dr. Lyman Ware of Chicago presented "Syphilitic Cycleitis, withGummata." Dr. C. H. Beard of Chicago discussed the age-old importantproblem of the relation of the eye to general disease, and Dr. Prince presenteda new forceps for squeezing trachomatous follicles. The official reportof the chairman of the Standing Committee on Ophthalmology, inthis year Dr. H. M. Starkey of Chicago, noted:"We are particularly indebtedto Dr. Julian J.Chisholm 3 of Baltimore for calling attention tothe necessity of correcting even low degrees of astigmatism, and to Dr.George Stevens for his continued work and writings in elucidation of affectionsof the ocular muscles. I myself now have a considerable number ofpatients whose pain and discomfort were such as that they feared theymust abandon the employment in which they were engaged, and whowere entirely relieved by the low power cylinders. . . . Dr. Galesowskycalled attention to the close connection between some eye trouble and8Dr. Chisholm had published a paper entitled "The Great Value of a -j- 0.25 D Cylinderin the Relief of Headaches and Eye Pains."
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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12 History of Medical Practice in I
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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114 History of Jiledical Practice i
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Page 306 and 307: CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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