History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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424 History of Medical Practice in IllinoisThe part performed by Rush Medical College in the creation ofPresbyterian Hospital is a creditable one. Dr. Ross was perhaps more instrumentalin the initiation of this project than anyone else and it was Dr. Rosshimself, a staunch Presbyterian, who enlisted the church of his faith in theorganization of a hospital association for this purpose. In the winter of1883, the college and the Presbyterian Hospital Association, already charteredby the State of Illinois, made an agreement whereby the collegedeeded the lot and unfinished building to the association on condition,among other things, that the latter should finish the building and open andmaintain it perpetually as a hospital. The association immediately tookcharge, finished the building and opened it as a hospital in 1884; it wascapable of caring for 80 patients. A medical staff was appointed. Very soonthe hospital was full of patients and more room was needed. Finally, theassociation was able to erect the greater Presbyterian Hospital which hada capacity of 300 beds.Postgraduate instruction was undertaken in a modest way by Rush MedicalCollege as early as 1879 and was continued with varying success forseveral years. A course was arranged for practitioners for the last five weeksof the regular term. No change was made in this course until 1881, when itwas given in the spring instead of the winter sessions; this plan was moresatisfactory and was continued until 1885. However, the classes were smalland the efforts to conduct a postgraduate school in the midst of undergraduateinstruction was not too successful and the college abandoned thispart of its teaching program. After that, a large number of postgraduatestudents came to take such courses in the laboratories and clinics as theywished, and this has perhaps been more successful than the original plan ofinstruction.The history of Rush Medical College is an ideal example of growthfrom a humble and poor beginning to a climax of success in every particular.It was like the growth of the western country as a whole. The collegedid not attempt to force public sentiment or institute reforms ahead of theneeds of the country. For many years it constantly urged the alumni and theprofession to demand better education on the part of medical men andbetter work by medical colleges. Improvements have been made step bystep as conditions seemed to warrant and in strict accordance with thefixed policy of the institution—to equip its graduates in a high degree forthe practical work of the profession. Rush Medical College consistentlyheld to the standard of thoroughness of teaching of the art of the doctor.Its career and those of its alumni have proven it a great school for the reallife duties of the practitioner.the
Medical Education in Illinois 425NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL(CHICAGO MEDICAL COLLEGE)By SAMUEL J. JONES, M.D. 7ALTHOUGH this school had had a corporate existence of but 31 years,Lthe institution known since 1891 as Northwestern University MedicalSchool has been the pioneer in at least four reforms which have radicallyaffected the course of medical education in the United States.1. From the first the founders of the school established a high standardof attainments for the required admission of students of medicine. In thewords of Dr. Hosmer A. Johnson, one of itsfounders, "they consideredmedicine as a liberal profession, and they determined to strive for thebroadest and most liberal culture on the part of those who should cometo them for instruction." The result of this determination was that, althoughthe class in attendance upon the first course of lectures was small,its members consisted of young men who enjoyed a more thorough educationin the sciences and the classics than the students usually found in themedical schools of this country. This is one of the four beneficial reformsin the medical education of the country which originated with the institutionnow known as Northwestern University Medical School.2. With this enforcement of a standard of preliminary education was theestablishment and development of "the graded curriculum, by which adefinite number of branches are assigned to each year in such natural orderthat the mastery of one group makes the mastery of the next easier and theaccomplishment of the whole more comprehensive and complete." As atfirst adopted in 1859, the curriculum embraced two courses of instruction.The studies embraced by the first course were theoretical—designed for7 Dr. Samuel J. Jones (1836-1901) was for many years a distinguished member of thefaculty of the Chicago Medical College (now Northwestern University Medical School).He was one of the early physicians in Illinois to specialize in ophthalmology and otology(1870). His contributions are voluminous and many appear in the early Transactions ofthe Illinois State Medical Society. Dr. Jones was the first Head of the Eye and EarDepartments of both St. Luke's and Mercy Hospitals.In the volume on Medical and Dental Colleges of the West already referred to, Dr.Jones wrote a comprehensive history of Northwestern University Medical School. Since itappears to be the most inclusive history of that school up to that time (1897), tri eHistory Committee has chosen to reprint selected portions for Volume II. In abbreviatedform, this chapter will present the history of approximately the first forty years of theNorthwestern University Medical School of Chicago—Editor
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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114 History of Jiledical Practice i
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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3526IndexReed, Dr. Carlos I., 403Re
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5 s8 IndexStrong, Dr. R. M., Histor
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